BACKGROUND: In the absence of an easily applicable performance test for making valid measurements of fundamental activities of daily living (ADL) in dementia patients, this study reports the development of an ADL performance test which constitutes both a reliable and a valid measurement of the relevant autonomous areas of everyday activities for dementia patients. METHODS: The Erlangen Test of Activities of Daily Living (E-ADL-Test) consists of five items: pouring a drink, cutting a piece of bread, opening a small cupboard, washing hands and tying a bow. Each test item underwent standardized evaluation on a scale of 0 to 6. To determine retest reliability each assessment was repeated at two-weekly intervals. The Global Deterioration Scale, Mini-mental State Examination (MMSE) and Nurses' Observations Scale for Geriatric Patients (NOSGER) were used to assess construct validity. Spearman's rank correlation coefficient was applied. Forty-six patients (42 women and 4 men) with clinically diagnosed dementia, who were resident in nursing homes, took part in the validation study. Their average age was 86. RESULTS: The E-ADL-Test revealed good inter-individual differentiation ability, particularly in cases of moderate to severe dementia. Cronbach's alpha was 0.77, retest reliability 0.73. The correlation coefficients were -0.47 with GDS, 0.60 with NOSGER and 0.72 with MMSE. CONCLUSIONS: The E-ADL-Test is a suitable performance test for measuring activities of daily living as it is easy to use, reliable, valid and well accepted.
BACKGROUND: In the absence of an easily applicable performance test for making valid measurements of fundamental activities of daily living (ADL) in dementiapatients, this study reports the development of an ADL performance test which constitutes both a reliable and a valid measurement of the relevant autonomous areas of everyday activities for dementiapatients. METHODS: The Erlangen Test of Activities of Daily Living (E-ADL-Test) consists of five items: pouring a drink, cutting a piece of bread, opening a small cupboard, washing hands and tying a bow. Each test item underwent standardized evaluation on a scale of 0 to 6. To determine retest reliability each assessment was repeated at two-weekly intervals. The Global Deterioration Scale, Mini-mental State Examination (MMSE) and Nurses' Observations Scale for Geriatric Patients (NOSGER) were used to assess construct validity. Spearman's rank correlation coefficient was applied. Forty-six patients (42 women and 4 men) with clinically diagnosed dementia, who were resident in nursing homes, took part in the validation study. Their average age was 86. RESULTS: The E-ADL-Test revealed good inter-individual differentiation ability, particularly in cases of moderate to severe dementia. Cronbach's alpha was 0.77, retest reliability 0.73. The correlation coefficients were -0.47 with GDS, 0.60 with NOSGER and 0.72 with MMSE. CONCLUSIONS: The E-ADL-Test is a suitable performance test for measuring activities of daily living as it is easy to use, reliable, valid and well accepted.
Authors: Marinda Henskens; Ilse M Nauta; Marieke C A van Eekeren; Erik J A Scherder Journal: Dement Geriatr Cogn Disord Date: 2018-08-24 Impact factor: 2.959
Authors: Marta M N Bieńkiewicz; Marie-Luise Brandi; Georg Goldenberg; Charmayne M L Hughes; Joachim Hermsdörfer Journal: Front Psychol Date: 2014-04-23
Authors: Rebecca Palm; Saskia Jünger; Sven Reuther; Christian G G Schwab; Martin N Dichter; Bernhard Holle; Margareta Halek Journal: BMC Geriatr Date: 2016-04-05 Impact factor: 3.921