PURPOSE: We evaluated the effects of combined treatment with the antiestrogen agent toremifene (TOR) and local hyperthermia (LHT) on the MCF-7 breast cancer cell line. METHODS: BALB/c mice implanted with MCF-7 cells were divided into six treatment groups: a control group, a TOR30 group (given 30 mg/kg/day), a TOR120 group (given 120 mg/kg/day), an LHT group (43.5 degrees C), a TOR30 + LHT group, and a TOR120 + LHT group. The effects of the treatments on tumor cells, estrogen receptor (ER) expression, and cell cycle kinetics were measured after 21 days. We calculated the apoptotic index and vascular density inside the tumors and evaluated the efficacy of the transmigration of TOR into the tumors. RESULTS: The antitumor effects were significantly greater in both combined therapy groups than in any of the single therapy groups. Estrogen receptor expression was weaker in the combined therapy groups than in the single therapy groups, and there were more G0/G1-phase cells and fewer S-phase cells in both combined therapy groups than in the single therapy groups. The apoptotic index was increased and the tumor vascular density was decreased in the combined therapy groups. CONCLUSIONS: We attributed the effects of this combined therapy to the induction of apoptosis, the decrease in vascular density, and the increase and decrease in G0/G1-phase and S-phase cells, respectively, in the tumors.
PURPOSE: We evaluated the effects of combined treatment with the antiestrogen agent toremifene (TOR) and local hyperthermia (LHT) on the MCF-7 breast cancer cell line. METHODS: BALB/c mice implanted with MCF-7 cells were divided into six treatment groups: a control group, a TOR30 group (given 30 mg/kg/day), a TOR120 group (given 120 mg/kg/day), an LHT group (43.5 degrees C), a TOR30 + LHT group, and a TOR120 + LHT group. The effects of the treatments on tumor cells, estrogen receptor (ER) expression, and cell cycle kinetics were measured after 21 days. We calculated the apoptotic index and vascular density inside the tumors and evaluated the efficacy of the transmigration of TOR into the tumors. RESULTS: The antitumor effects were significantly greater in both combined therapy groups than in any of the single therapy groups. Estrogen receptor expression was weaker in the combined therapy groups than in the single therapy groups, and there were more G0/G1-phase cells and fewer S-phase cells in both combined therapy groups than in the single therapy groups. The apoptotic index was increased and the tumor vascular density was decreased in the combined therapy groups. CONCLUSIONS: We attributed the effects of this combined therapy to the induction of apoptosis, the decrease in vascular density, and the increase and decrease in G0/G1-phase and S-phase cells, respectively, in the tumors.
Authors: I N White; F de Matteis; A Davies; L L Smith; C Crofton-Sleigh; S Venitt; A Hewer; D H Phillips Journal: Carcinogenesis Date: 1992-12 Impact factor: 4.944
Authors: L Kangas; A L Nieminen; G Blanco; M Grönroos; S Kallio; A Karjalainen; M Perilä; M Södervall; R Toivola Journal: Cancer Chemother Pharmacol Date: 1986 Impact factor: 3.333
Authors: Kaat De Cremer; Nicolas Delattin; Katrijn De Brucker; Annelies Peeters; Soña Kucharíková; Evelien Gerits; Natalie Verstraeten; Jan Michiels; Patrick Van Dijck; Bruno P A Cammue; Karin Thevissen Journal: Antimicrob Agents Chemother Date: 2014-10-06 Impact factor: 5.191