Alloplastic materials in reconstructive periodontal surgery.

Alloplastic implants, especially those made with calcium phosphate ceramics, are being increasingly used in reconstructive periodontal surgery. Despite attractive generic features such as good biocompatibility, these ceramic implants differ significantly from each other in terms of biologic profile. Variations in source material used, manufacturing process, and physical and chemical properties determine the clinical utility of these implants. Porous hydroxyapatites currently are favored, especially those with natural morphologic characteristics. These ceramic implants appear to serve as biocompatible fillers that accelerate bone healing when used for the right clinical indications. It is anticipated that alloplastic implants eventually will form a part of the periodontist's armamentarium.