BACKGROUND: Rapidly transitioning societies are experiencing dramatic increases in obesity and cardio-metabolic risk; however, few prospective studies from developing countries have quantified these increases or described their joint relationships. METHODS: We collected dietary, physical activity, demographic, anthropometric and cardio-metabolic risk factor data from 376 Guatemalan young adults in 1997-98 (aged 20-29 years) and in 2002-04 (aged 25-34 years). RESULTS: In total, 42 % of men and 56 % of women experienced weight gain >5 kg in 5 years. Percent body fat (%BF) and waist circumference (WC) increased by 4.2 % points and 5.5 cm among men, and 3.2 % points and 3.4 cm among women, respectively. Five-year increases in both %BF and WC were associated with lower physical activity, urban residence and shorter height among men but not among women (test for heterogeneity P < 0.05 for residence and physical activity). Changes in %BF and WC and concomitant changes in cardio-metabolic risk factors were similar for men and women. In standardised regression, change in %BF was associated with changes in TAG (beta=0.19; 95 % CI 0.08, 0.30), total:HDL cholesterol (beta=0.22; 95 % CI 0.12, 0.33) and systolic (beta=0.22; 95 % CI 0.12, 0.33) and diastolic (beta=0.18; 95 % CI 0.08, 0.28) blood pressure, but not with glucose; associations were similar for WC. CONCLUSIONS: Over 5 years this relatively young population of Guatemalan adults experienced rapid increases in multiple measures of adiposity, which were associated with adverse changes in lipid and blood pressure levels.
BACKGROUND: Rapidly transitioning societies are experiencing dramatic increases in obesity and cardio-metabolic risk; however, few prospective studies from developing countries have quantified these increases or described their joint relationships. METHODS: We collected dietary, physical activity, demographic, anthropometric and cardio-metabolic risk factor data from 376 Guatemalan young adults in 1997-98 (aged 20-29 years) and in 2002-04 (aged 25-34 years). RESULTS: In total, 42 % of men and 56 % of women experienced weight gain >5 kg in 5 years. Percent body fat (%BF) and waist circumference (WC) increased by 4.2 % points and 5.5 cm among men, and 3.2 % points and 3.4 cm among women, respectively. Five-year increases in both %BF and WC were associated with lower physical activity, urban residence and shorter height among men but not among women (test for heterogeneity P < 0.05 for residence and physical activity). Changes in %BF and WC and concomitant changes in cardio-metabolic risk factors were similar for men and women. In standardised regression, change in %BF was associated with changes in TAG (beta=0.19; 95 % CI 0.08, 0.30), total:HDL cholesterol (beta=0.22; 95 % CI 0.12, 0.33) and systolic (beta=0.22; 95 % CI 0.12, 0.33) and diastolic (beta=0.18; 95 % CI 0.08, 0.28) blood pressure, but not with glucose; associations were similar for WC. CONCLUSIONS: Over 5 years this relatively young population of Guatemalan adults experienced rapid increases in multiple measures of adiposity, which were associated with adverse changes in lipid and blood pressure levels.
Authors: Abdallah S Daar; Peter A Singer; Deepa Leah Persad; Stig K Pramming; David R Matthews; Robert Beaglehole; Alan Bernstein; Leszek K Borysiewicz; Stephen Colagiuri; Nirmal Ganguly; Roger I Glass; Diane T Finegood; Jeffrey Koplan; Elizabeth G Nabel; George Sarna; Nizal Sarrafzadegan; Richard Smith; Derek Yach; John Bell Journal: Nature Date: 2007-11-22 Impact factor: 49.962
Authors: Rubén Grajeda; Jere R Behrman; Rafael Flores; John A Maluccio; Reynaldo Martorell; Aryeh D Stein Journal: Food Nutr Bull Date: 2005-06 Impact factor: 2.069
Authors: Mónica Mazariegos; Jithin Sam Varghese; Maria F Kroker-Lobos; Ann M DiGirolamo; Manuel Ramirez-Zea; Usha Ramakrishnan; Aryeh D Stein Journal: BMC Pregnancy Childbirth Date: 2022-02-24 Impact factor: 3.007