[Cervicovaginal infections during pregnancy as a risk factor for preterm delivery].

OBJECTIVE: To establish the incidence of cervicovaginal infections in patients with preterm and term deliveries.
MATERIALS AND METHODS: 88 pregnancies with no previous detectable risk factors have been included in a retrospective study. 48 patients delivered at term and 40 had delivery between 24 and 37 weeks of gestation. A vaginal swab for bacterial infections and a cervical swab for detection of Chlamydia trachomatis infection, using PCR, have been performed in each case. The vaginal ecosystem has been appreciated according Nungent criteria. RESULTS AND
CONCLUSIONS: C. trachomatis has been detected in 5% (2/40) of preterm deliveries and in 2.08% (1/48) of term deliveries. In preterm delivery group bacterial vaginosis has been isolated in 15% (6/40), Enterococcus spp. in12.5% (5/40) and Group B Streptococcus in 12.5% (5/40) of cases. In patients, delivered at term, bacterial vaginosis has been proved in 6.25% (3/48), Enterococcus spp in 8.33% (4/48), Group B Streptococcus in 4.17% (2/48) patients. Significant differences between both groups have been found in GBS and BV (p < 0.05). Although the difference C. trachomatis infection is not significantly higher in preterm delivery group, testing for C. tracomatis, using highly specific methods, along with vaginal swab are recommended as routine tests in pregnancy.