BACKGROUND: In countries where antiretroviral therapy has been available or is being rapidly expanded, the World Health Organization (WHO) recommends surveillance for transmitted HIV drug resistance (HIVDR) by threshold surveillance methods using specimens from antenatal clinics or voluntary counselling and testing (VCT) sites. The aim of this study was to implement the HIVDR threshold survey in VCT sites in Vietnam, where HIV prevalence is high. Estimating transmitted resistance in the infected population will enable the appropriateness of current antiretroviral drug regimens to be assessed and will inform plans for future HIVDR surveillance. METHODS: Consecutive blood specimens were collected from 70 newly diagnosed HIV-positive clients 18-24 years of age at two sites in Hanoi, Vietnam. Informed consent and serum specimens were obtained from each eligible client, with serum frozen at -70 degrees C until shipping to Thailand for resistance testing using the TruGene system. RESULTS: From February until August 2006, 559 clients were eligible to participate in this survey. Of the 535 clients (95.7%) who agreed to participate, 70 (13%) were HIV-positive and were included in the survey. Of the 70 specimens sent for genotyping, 52 consecutive samples were amplified, 49 of which could be genotyped. Only 1 of 49 genotyped specimens had mutations associated with drug resistance (L74V and Y181C) in the reverse transcriptase gene, indicating that the prevalence of transmitted HIVDR to all drugs and drug classes evaluated was <5%. CONCLUSION: The prevalence of transmitted HIVDR was low in Hanoi as determined using threshold surveillance methods. The Ministry of Health plans to repeat this survey methodology in one more province and to confirm these findings by expanded HIVDR surveillance.
BACKGROUND: In countries where antiretroviral therapy has been available or is being rapidly expanded, the World Health Organization (WHO) recommends surveillance for transmitted HIV drug resistance (HIVDR) by threshold surveillance methods using specimens from antenatal clinics or voluntary counselling and testing (VCT) sites. The aim of this study was to implement the HIVDR threshold survey in VCT sites in Vietnam, where HIV prevalence is high. Estimating transmitted resistance in the infected population will enable the appropriateness of current antiretroviral drug regimens to be assessed and will inform plans for future HIVDR surveillance. METHODS: Consecutive blood specimens were collected from 70 newly diagnosed HIV-positive clients 18-24 years of age at two sites in Hanoi, Vietnam. Informed consent and serum specimens were obtained from each eligible client, with serum frozen at -70 degrees C until shipping to Thailand for resistance testing using the TruGene system. RESULTS: From February until August 2006, 559 clients were eligible to participate in this survey. Of the 535 clients (95.7%) who agreed to participate, 70 (13%) were HIV-positive and were included in the survey. Of the 70 specimens sent for genotyping, 52 consecutive samples were amplified, 49 of which could be genotyped. Only 1 of 49 genotyped specimens had mutations associated with drug resistance (L74V and Y181C) in the reverse transcriptase gene, indicating that the prevalence of transmitted HIVDR to all drugs and drug classes evaluated was <5%. CONCLUSION: The prevalence of transmitted HIVDR was low in Hanoi as determined using threshold surveillance methods. The Ministry of Health plans to repeat this survey methodology in one more province and to confirm these findings by expanded HIVDR surveillance.
Authors: Reuben Granich; Siobhan Crowley; Marco Vitoria; Caoimhe Smyth; James G Kahn; Rod Bennett; Ying-Ru Lo; Yves Souteyrand; Brian Williams Journal: Curr Opin HIV AIDS Date: 2010-07 Impact factor: 4.283
Authors: Somnuek Sungkanuparph; Rebecca Oyomopito; Sunee Sirivichayakul; Thira Sirisanthana; Patrick C K Li; Pacharee Kantipong; Christopher K C Lee; Adeeba Kamarulzaman; Liesl Messerschmidt; Matthew G Law; Praphan Phanuphak Journal: Clin Infect Dis Date: 2011-04-15 Impact factor: 9.079
Authors: Steven Y Hong; Jean B Nachega; Karen Kelley; Silvia Bertagnolio; Vincent C Marconi; Michael R Jordan Journal: Infect Disord Drug Targets Date: 2011-04
Authors: Diane E Bennett; Ricardo J Camacho; Dan Otelea; Daniel R Kuritzkes; Hervé Fleury; Mark Kiuchi; Walid Heneine; Rami Kantor; Michael R Jordan; Jonathan M Schapiro; Anne-Mieke Vandamme; Paul Sandstrom; Charles A B Boucher; David van de Vijver; Soo-Yon Rhee; Tommy F Liu; Deenan Pillay; Robert W Shafer Journal: PLoS One Date: 2009-03-06 Impact factor: 3.240
Authors: Mison Dahab; Salome Charalambous; Alan S Karstaedt; Katherine L Fielding; Robin Hamilton; Lettie La Grange; Gavin J Churchyard; Alison D Grant Journal: BMC Public Health Date: 2010-07-22 Impact factor: 3.295