PURPOSE: To develop a generic instrument for measuring short-term health status in the recovery period among patients undergoing abdominal and pelvic surgery. METHOD: Instrument content was based on qualitative data ascertained from focus groups of patients and input from an expert panel of clinicians and psychometricians. A draft questionnaire was then piloted and revised, leading to the 27-item Convalescence and Recovery Evaluation (CARE). CARE consists of four individually scored domains, which were identified using factor analysis. Test-retest reliability, internal consistency, and convergent validity were assessed. RESULTS: Test-retest reliability was high, ranging from 0.78 for the activity domain to >0.88 for all others. Internal consistency varied over time postoperatively but was moderate to high for all domains throughout. Correlations between the four domains of CARE were low (each r<or=0.57). Moderate agreement was evident between CARE domains and the appropriate components of validated instruments, providing convergent validity. CONCLUSIONS: CARE is a robust, multi-dimensional measure of convalescence after abdominal and pelvic surgery. CARE can be used to gain a better understanding of the phenomenon of recovery and to measure the impact of new processes of care (e.g., surgical technology adoption) on short-term patient outcomes.
PURPOSE: To develop a generic instrument for measuring short-term health status in the recovery period among patients undergoing abdominal and pelvic surgery. METHOD: Instrument content was based on qualitative data ascertained from focus groups of patients and input from an expert panel of clinicians and psychometricians. A draft questionnaire was then piloted and revised, leading to the 27-item Convalescence and Recovery Evaluation (CARE). CARE consists of four individually scored domains, which were identified using factor analysis. Test-retest reliability, internal consistency, and convergent validity were assessed. RESULTS: Test-retest reliability was high, ranging from 0.78 for the activity domain to >0.88 for all others. Internal consistency varied over time postoperatively but was moderate to high for all domains throughout. Correlations between the four domains of CARE were low (each r<or=0.57). Moderate agreement was evident between CARE domains and the appropriate components of validated instruments, providing convergent validity. CONCLUSIONS: CARE is a robust, multi-dimensional measure of convalescence after abdominal and pelvic surgery. CARE can be used to gain a better understanding of the phenomenon of recovery and to measure the impact of new processes of care (e.g., surgical technology adoption) on short-term patient outcomes.
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