Literature DB >> 18569262

The five D's of botulinum toxin: doses, dilution, diffusion, duration and dogma.

Ana Paula de Sa Earp1, Ellen S Marmur.   

Abstract

The purpose of this review is to update cosmetic dermatologists and surgeons on the latest information about botulinum toxin injections for the treatment of the face and neck and to provide a practical guide to effective and safe technique. We review indications, recommended doses and dilutions, storage recommendations and injection techniques.

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Year:  2008        PMID： 18569262     DOI： 10.1080/14764170701883660

Source DB:  PubMed          Journal:  J Cosmet Laser Ther        ISSN： 1476-4172            Impact factor:   2.247


  5 in total

Review 1.  Temporal characteristics of botulinum neurotoxin therapy.

Authors:  Frank J Lebeda; Regina Z Cer; Robert M Stephens; Uma Mudunuri
Journal:  Expert Rev Neurother       Date:  2010-01       Impact factor: 4.618

2.  Neuromodulator threading: revisiting an approach to neurotoxin delivery.

Authors:  H William Higgins; Kachiu C Lee; Yoash Enzer
Journal:  J Clin Aesthet Dermatol       Date:  2014-06

3.  Evaluating the Effect of Incobotulinumtoxin A for Glabellar, Forehead, and Crow's Feet Lines Using A High Dilution.

Authors:  Sheila C Barbarino; Jani A J van Loghem; Cheryl M Burgess; Niamh Corduff
Journal:  J Clin Aesthet Dermatol       Date:  2021-08-01

Review 4.  The Practical Use of AbobotulinumtoxinA in Aesthetics.

Authors:  Michael A C Kane; Gary Monheit
Journal:  Aesthet Surg J       Date:  2017-05-01       Impact factor: 4.283

Review 5.  Botulinum Toxin in Aesthetic Medicine: Myths and Realities.

Authors:  Jeffrey S Dover; Gary Monheit; Mark Greener; Andy Pickett
Journal:  Dermatol Surg       Date:  2018-02       Impact factor: 3.398
  5 in total

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