Minimal access surgery for gastroesophageal reflux: laparoscopic placement of the Angelchik prosthesis in pigs.

Conventional surgery for gastroesophageal reflux is effective but requires laparotomy. Minimal access surgery for gastroesophageal reflux could provide a decrease in morbidity. The Angelchik antireflux prosthesis is an alternative to fundoplication for the treatment of this ailment. We evaluated the results of laparoscopic placement of the Angelchik prosthesis in 10 pigs. The duration of the procedure averaged 44 min. The mean lower esophageal sphincter pressure increased from 12.2 +/- 2.8 mmHg at baseline to 45.2 +/- 7.8 (P less than 0.05), 32.1 +/- 3.9 (P less than 0.05), and 25.1 +/- 6.5 mmHg (P greater than 0.05) as measured immediately postoperatively, at 1 week, and at 3 weeks, respectively, following placement of the prosthesis. There was no instance of prosthetic migration or esophageal perforation. One postoperative death due to distention and perforation of the colon occurred. Two animals developed distal esophageal impaction of food. We conclude that the antireflux prosthesis can be safely and effectively placed using laparoscopic methods in a porcine model. Further development of this technique is warranted.