Review of 300 consecutive laparoscopic cholecystectomies: development, evolution, and results.

The present paper reviews 300 laparoscopic cholecystectomies with intraoperative cholangiograms that were performed by the authors. The development and evolution of this procedure are described along with the results. The guidewire technique used for operative cholangiography and the maneuver applied to control bleeding of the cystic artery are detailed. Five cases were converted to open operations. No serious complications were encountered. One common bile duct injury occurred during endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreaticography performed on postoperative day 8 for diagnostic purposes.