Membranes from both Th1 and Th2 T cell clones stimulate B cell proliferation and prepare B cells for lymphokine-induced differentiation to secrete Ig.

Plasma membranes from the mitogen-activated mouse Th2 cell clone D10.G4.1 have recently been shown to provide the cell contact-dependent signals necessary for the induction of small B cell proliferation. Together with the Th2-derived lymphokines IL-4 and IL-5, these membranes stimulate production of Ig isotypes identical to those produced when B cells were stimulated by intact Th2 cells. In contrast, Th1 clones are poor inducers of Ig production in vitro. This could be solely due to differences in the lymphokines released by Th1 and Th2 cells or to differences in the cell-cell contact signals delivered by activated Th1 and Th2 cells. We report that membranes from three different activated Th1 clones induced strong Ag-independent proliferation of small dense B cells. The level of B cell proliferation was enhanced approximately fourfold by the addition of lymphokine-containing supernatant from Con A-activated Th2 cells and was unaffected by any of the lymphokine-containing supernatants from Con A-activated Th1 clones. As with D10.G4.1 membranes, Th1 membranes alone induced B cell proliferation but not secretion of Ig. However, addition of supernatant from Con A-activated D10.G41 cells, but not any supernatants from Con A-activated Th1 cells, induced Ig secretion of all isotypes. These effects were shown to not simply result from increased B cell numbers after stimulation with Th2 lymphokines. Thus, Th1 cell clones seem to poorly induce antibody responses entirely because of their lymphokine repertoire and not because of differences or deficiencies in the ability of these cells to deliver cell contact-dependent signals to B cells.