OBJECTIVE: To assess the effect of gestational cocaine exposure on the prefrontal cortex (PFC) with functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI). STUDY DESIGN: Using an n-back task, we obtained fMRI with a 3T Siemens scanner on 49 adolescents, 25 who were exposed to cocaine and 24 who were not exposed. The primary outcome was PFC activation during task performance. Five functionally derived regions of interest (ROI) were defined; in addition, 2 a priori anatomical ROIs were generated for Brodmann regions 10 and 46. RESULTS: Of the 49 adolescents who underwent imaging, data from 17 who were exposed to cocaine and 17 who were not exposed were in the final analysis. Groups had similar performance on the n-back task (P >/= .4), with both showing a fewer number of correct responses on the 2-back than the 1-back (P < .001), indicating increased demands on working memory with greater task difficulty. In functionally derived ROIs, imaging results showed increased activation for both groups in the 2-back versus the 1-back condition. In anatomical ROIs, both groups showed greater activation in the 2-back versus the 1-back condition, with activation in the non-exposed group proportionally greater for the left prefrontal region (P = .05). CONCLUSION: In this sample of adolescents, participants who were exposed to cocaine and participants who were not exposed were similar in performance on an executive function task and in fMRI activation patterns during task performance.
OBJECTIVE: To assess the effect of gestational cocaine exposure on the prefrontal cortex (PFC) with functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI). STUDY DESIGN: Using an n-back task, we obtained fMRI with a 3T Siemens scanner on 49 adolescents, 25 who were exposed to cocaine and 24 who were not exposed. The primary outcome was PFC activation during task performance. Five functionally derived regions of interest (ROI) were defined; in addition, 2 a priori anatomical ROIs were generated for Brodmann regions 10 and 46. RESULTS: Of the 49 adolescents who underwent imaging, data from 17 who were exposed to cocaine and 17 who were not exposed were in the final analysis. Groups had similar performance on the n-back task (P >/= .4), with both showing a fewer number of correct responses on the 2-back than the 1-back (P < .001), indicating increased demands on working memory with greater task difficulty. In functionally derived ROIs, imaging results showed increased activation for both groups in the 2-back versus the 1-back condition. In anatomical ROIs, both groups showed greater activation in the 2-back versus the 1-back condition, with activation in the non-exposed group proportionally greater for the left prefrontal region (P = .05). CONCLUSION: In this sample of adolescents, participants who were exposed to cocaine and participants who were not exposed were similar in performance on an executive function task and in fMRI activation patterns during task performance.
Authors: Zhihao Li; Priya Santhanam; Claire D Coles; Mary Ellen Lynch; Stephan Hamann; Scott Peltier; Xiaoping Hu Journal: Hum Brain Mapp Date: 2011-05 Impact factor: 5.038
Authors: Sonia Minnes; Lynn T Singer; Meeyoung O Min; Adelaide M Lang; Aya Ben-Harush; Elizabeth Short; Miaoping Wu Journal: J Youth Adolesc Date: 2013-02-20
Authors: Gopikrishna Deshpande; Zhihao Li; Priya Santhanam; Claire D Coles; Mary Ellen Lynch; Stephan Hamann; Xiaoping Hu Journal: PLoS One Date: 2010-12-09 Impact factor: 3.240
Authors: Melissa M Martin; Devon L Graham; Deirdre M McCarthy; Pradeep G Bhide; Gregg D Stanwood Journal: Birth Defects Res C Embryo Today Date: 2016-06
Authors: Zhihao Li; Claire D Coles; Mary Ellen Lynch; Stephan Hamann; Scott Peltier; Stephen LaConte; Xiaoping Hu Journal: Neurotoxicol Teratol Date: 2009-08-21 Impact factor: 3.763