National standards for diabetes self-management education.

A technical review is a balanced review and analysis of the literature on a scientific or medical topic related to diabetes. The technical review provides a scientific rationale for a position statement and undergoes critical peer review before submission to the Professional Practice Committee for approval. Effective January 2010, technical reports are replaced with systematic reviews, for which a priori search and inclusion/exclusion criteria are developed and published. Listed below are recent technical reviews.

Economic Analysis of Diabetes Interventions

Klonoff DC, Schwartz DM: An economic analysis of interventions for diabetes. Diabetes Care 23:390–404, 2000

Exercise

Sigal RJ, Kenny GP, Wasserman DH, Castaneda-Sceppa C: Physical activity/exercise and type 2 diabetes. Diabetes Care 27:2518–2539, 2004

Hospitals

Clement S, Braithwaite SS, Magee MF, Ahmann A, Smith EP, Schafer RG, Hirsh IB: Management of diabetes and hyperglycemia in hospitals. Diabetes Care 27:553–591, 2004

Hyperglycemic Crises

Kitabchi AE, Umpierrez GE, Murphy MB, Barrett EJ, Kreisberg RA, Malone JI, Wall BM: Management of hyperglycemic crises in patients with diabetes. Diabetes Care 24:131–153, 2001

Hypertension

Arauz-Pacheco C, Parrott MA, Raskin P: The treatment of hypertension in adult patients with diabetes. Diabetes Care 25:134–147, 2002

Hypoglycemia

Cryer PE, Davis SN, Shamoon H: Hypoglycemia in diabetes. Diabetes Care 26:1902–1912, 2003

Immunizations

Smith SA, Poland GA: Use of influenza and pneumococcal vaccines in people with diabetes. Diabetes Care 23:95–108, 2000

Laboratory Analysis

Sacks DB, Bruns DE, Goldstein DE, Maclaren NK, McDonald JM, Parrott M: Guidelines and recommendations for laboratory analysis in the diagnosis and management of diabetes mellitus. Diabetes Care 25:750–786, 2002 (Reprinted from Clin Chem 48:436–472, 2002)

Neuropathy

Vinik AI, Maser RE, Mitchell BD, Freeman R: Diabetic autonomic neuropathy. Diabetes Care 26:1553–1579, 2003

Boulton AJ, Malik RA, Arezzo JC, Sosenko JM: Diabetic somatic neuropathies. Diabetes Care 27:1458–1486, 2004

Nutrition Recommendations and Principles

Franz MJ, Bantle JP, Beebe CA, Brunzell JD, Chiasson JL, Garg A, Holzmeister LA, Hoogwerf B, Mayer-Davis E, Mooradian AD, Purnell JS, Wheeler M: Evidence-based nutrition principles and recommendations for the treatment and prevention of diabetes and related complications. Diabetes Care 25:148–198, 2002

Pancreas Transplantation

Robertson RP, Davis C, Larsen J, Stratta R, Sutherland DER: Pancreas and islet transplantation for patients with diabetes. Diabetes Care 23:112–116, 2000

Retinopathy

Fong DS, Aiello LP, Ferris FL III, Klein R: Diabetic retinopathy. Diabetes Care 27:2540–2553, 2004

Screening for Type 2 Diabetes

Engelgau MM, Narayan KM, Herman WH: Screening for type 2 diabetes. Diabetes Care 23:1563–1580, 2000

Tests of Glycemia

Goldstein DE, Little RR, Lorenz RA, Malone JI, Nathan D, Peterson CM, Sacks DB: Tests of glycemia in diabetes. Diabetes Care 27:1761–1773, 2004