PURPOSE: Maximal muscle contraction force and muscle mass are both reduced during the natural aging process. Long-term training may be used to attenuate this age-related loss in muscle function and muscle size. METHODS: Maximum isometric quadriceps strength (MVC), rate of force development (RFD), and muscle fiber composition and size (CSA) were studied in elderly individuals (68-78 yr) chronically exposed (> 50 yr) to either endurance (E) or strength (S) training, and in age-matched, untrained (U) elderly group. RESULTS: E and S showed greater MVC than did U. Contractile RFD was elevated in S compared with U, and S also demonstrated greater type II fiber CSA than did U and E. The proportion of type I fibers was greater in E compared with U and S. CONCLUSIONS: Muscle fiber size and mechanical muscle performance, particularly RFD, were consistently elevated in aged individuals exposed to chronic (i.e., lifelong) strength training. This relative preservation in muscle morphology and function may provide an important physical reserve capacity to retain muscle mass and function above the critical threshold for independent living at old age.
PURPOSE: Maximal muscle contraction force and muscle mass are both reduced during the natural aging process. Long-term training may be used to attenuate this age-related loss in muscle function and muscle size. METHODS: Maximum isometric quadriceps strength (MVC), rate of force development (RFD), and muscle fiber composition and size (CSA) were studied in elderly individuals (68-78 yr) chronically exposed (> 50 yr) to either endurance (E) or strength (S) training, and in age-matched, untrained (U) elderly group. RESULTS: E and S showed greater MVC than did U. Contractile RFD was elevated in S compared with U, and S also demonstrated greater type II fiber CSA than did U and E. The proportion of type I fibers was greater in E compared with U and S. CONCLUSIONS: Muscle fiber size and mechanical muscle performance, particularly RFD, were consistently elevated in aged individuals exposed to chronic (i.e., lifelong) strength training. This relative preservation in muscle morphology and function may provide an important physical reserve capacity to retain muscle mass and function above the critical threshold for independent living at old age.
Authors: Paul W Kline; Kristin D Morgan; Darren L Johnson; Mary Lloyd Ireland; Brian Noehren Journal: Am J Sports Med Date: 2015-08-14 Impact factor: 6.202
Authors: François Maltais; Marc Decramer; Richard Casaburi; Esther Barreiro; Yan Burelle; Richard Debigaré; P N Richard Dekhuijzen; Frits Franssen; Ghislaine Gayan-Ramirez; Joaquim Gea; Harry R Gosker; Rik Gosselink; Maurice Hayot; Sabah N A Hussain; Wim Janssens; Micheal I Polkey; Josep Roca; Didier Saey; Annemie M W J Schols; Martijn A Spruit; Michael Steiner; Tanja Taivassalo; Thierry Troosters; Ioannis Vogiatzis; Peter D Wagner Journal: Am J Respir Crit Care Med Date: 2014-05-01 Impact factor: 21.405
Authors: Toby L Chambers; Timothy R Burnett; Ulrika Raue; Gary A Lee; W Holmes Finch; Bruce M Graham; Todd A Trappe; Scott Trappe Journal: J Appl Physiol (1985) Date: 2019-12-12