AIMS: To evaluate the decontamination of Bacillus anthracis, Bacillus subtilis, and Geobacillus stearothermophilus spores on indoor surface materials using formaldehyde gas. METHODS AND RESULTS: B. anthracis, B. subtilis, and G. stearothermophilus spores were dried on seven types of indoor surfaces and exposed to approx. 1100 ppm formaldehyde gas for 10 h. Formaldehyde exposure significantly decreased viable B. anthracis, B. subtilis, and G. stearothermophilus spores on all test materials. Significant differences were observed when comparing the reduction in viable spores of B. anthracis with B. subtilis (galvanized metal and painted wallboard paper) and G. stearothermophilus (industrial carpet and painted wallboard paper). Formaldehyde gas inactivated>or=50% of the biological indicators and spore strips (approx. 1x10(6) CFU) when analyzed after 1 and 7 days. CONCLUSIONS: Formaldehyde gas significantly reduced the number of viable spores on both porous and nonporous materials in which the two surrogates exhibited similar log reductions to that of B. anthracis on most test materials. SIGNIFICANCE AND IMPACT OF THE STUDY: These results provide new comparative information for the decontamination of B. anthracis spores with surrogates on indoor surfaces using formaldehyde gas.
AIMS: To evaluate the decontamination of Bacillus anthracis, Bacillus subtilis, and Geobacillus stearothermophilus spores on indoor surface materials using formaldehyde gas. METHODS AND RESULTS:B. anthracis, B. subtilis, and G. stearothermophilus spores were dried on seven types of indoor surfaces and exposed to approx. 1100 ppm formaldehyde gas for 10 h. Formaldehyde exposure significantly decreased viable B. anthracis, B. subtilis, and G. stearothermophilus spores on all test materials. Significant differences were observed when comparing the reduction in viable spores of B. anthracis with B. subtilis (galvanized metal and painted wallboard paper) and G. stearothermophilus (industrial carpet and painted wallboard paper). Formaldehyde gas inactivated>or=50% of the biological indicators and spore strips (approx. 1x10(6) CFU) when analyzed after 1 and 7 days. CONCLUSIONS:Formaldehyde gas significantly reduced the number of viable spores on both porous and nonporous materials in which the two surrogates exhibited similar log reductions to that of B. anthracis on most test materials. SIGNIFICANCE AND IMPACT OF THE STUDY: These results provide new comparative information for the decontamination of B. anthracis spores with surrogates on indoor surfaces using formaldehyde gas.
Authors: Shawn P Ryan; Sang Don Lee; M Worth Calfee; Joseph P Wood; Stella McDonald; Matt Clayton; Nicole Griffin-Gatchalian; Abderrahmane Touati; Luther Smith; Melissa Nysewander Journal: World J Microbiol Biotechnol Date: 2014-06-14 Impact factor: 3.312
Authors: Young W Choi; Michelle M Sunderman; Martha W McCauley; William R Richter; Zachary J Willenberg; Joseph Wood; Shannon Serre; Leroy Mickelsen; Stuart Willison; Rich Rupert; Jorge G Muñiz Ortiz; Sara Casey; M Worth Calfee Journal: Appl Biosaf Date: 2021-03-19
Authors: Joseph P Wood; Kathryn M Meyer; Thomas J Kelly; Young W Choi; James V Rogers; Karen B Riggs; Zachary J Willenberg Journal: PLoS One Date: 2015-09-15 Impact factor: 3.240
Authors: W R Richter; M M Sunderman; M Q S Wendling; S Serre; L Mickelsen; R Rupert; J Wood; Y Choi; Z Willenberg; M W Calfee Journal: J Appl Microbiol Date: 2019-12-12 Impact factor: 4.059
Authors: Young W Choi; Michelle M Sunderman; Martha W McCauley; William R Richter; Zachary J Willenberg; Joseph Wood; Shannon Serre; Leroy Mickelsen; Stuart Willison; Rich Rupert; Jorge G Muñiz-Ortiz; Sara Casey; M Worth Calfee Journal: Appl Biosaf Date: 2021-04-09