Multilocus sequence typing compared to pulsed-field gel electrophoresis for molecular typing of Pseudomonas aeruginosa.

For hospital epidemiologists, determining a system of typing that is discriminatory is essential for measuring the effectiveness of infection control measures. In situations in which the incidence of resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa is increasing, the ability to discern whether it is due to patient-to-patient transmission versus an increase in patient endogenous strains is often made on the basis of molecular typing. The present study compared the discriminatory abilities of pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (PFGE) and multilocus sequence typing (MLST) for 90 P. aeruginosa isolates obtained from cultures of perirectal surveillance swabs from patients in an intensive care unit. PFGE identified 85 distinct types and 76 distinct groups when similarity cutoffs of 100% and 87%, respectively, were used. By comparison, MLST identified 60 sequence types that could be clustered into 11 clonal complexes and 32 singletons. By using the Simpson index of diversity (D), PFGE had a greater discriminatory ability than MLST for P. aeruginosa isolates (D values, 0.999 versus 0.975, respectively). Thus, while MLST was better for detecting genetic relatedness, we determined that PFGE was more discriminatory than MLST for determining genetic differences in P. aeruginosa.