BACKGROUND: The aim of this study was to examine prothrombogenic factors and antioxidative defense in obese children and adolescents with pre-metabolic and metabolic syndrome, and to analyze insulin secretion and resistance, early glycoregulation disorders and lipid status. METHODS: Insulin sensitivity was determined using the homeostasis model assessment for insulin resistance (HOMA-IR), while insulin secretion was determined using the homeostasis model assessment beta (HOMA-beta). Prothrombogenic factors analyzed were plasma plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 (PAI-1) and fibrinogen. Superoxide dismutase and glutathione peroxidase were measured as markers of antioxidative defense. RESULTS: Patients with metabolic syndrome were characterized with increased body mass index (BMI), waist circumference, and HOMA-IR and HOMA-beta levels, and all had increased blood pressure and triglyceride levels, low high-density lipoprotein cholesterol levels, increased PAI-1 levels and reduced antioxidative defense levels. Patients with pre-metabolic syndrome had higher levels of basal and mean insulinemia during an oral glucose tolerance test, higher levels of HOMA-beta and lower levels of antioxidative defense compared to patients with metabolic syndrome. CONCLUSIONS: Negative correlations between antioxidative defense parameters and BMI, abdominal obesity, insulin secretion, systolic blood pressure and atherogenic lipid factors, as well as correlations between PAI-1 and insulin resistance and basal glycemia in the metabolic syndrome group contribute to accelerated atherosclerosis. Positive correlations between PAI-1 and waist circumference and BMI, and negative correlations between BMI and antioxidative defense in the pre-metabolic syndrome patients show that this early stage preceding the metabolic syndrome is also characterized by atherosclerotic complication risks and evident hyperinsulinism and insulin resistance.
BACKGROUND: The aim of this study was to examine prothrombogenic factors and antioxidative defense in obesechildren and adolescents with pre-metabolic and metabolic syndrome, and to analyze insulin secretion and resistance, early glycoregulation disorders and lipid status. METHODS:Insulin sensitivity was determined using the homeostasis model assessment for insulin resistance (HOMA-IR), while insulin secretion was determined using the homeostasis model assessment beta (HOMA-beta). Prothrombogenic factors analyzed were plasma plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 (PAI-1) and fibrinogen. Superoxide dismutase and glutathione peroxidase were measured as markers of antioxidative defense. RESULTS:Patients with metabolic syndrome were characterized with increased body mass index (BMI), waist circumference, and HOMA-IR and HOMA-beta levels, and all had increased blood pressure and triglyceride levels, low high-density lipoprotein cholesterol levels, increased PAI-1 levels and reduced antioxidative defense levels. Patients with pre-metabolic syndrome had higher levels of basal and mean insulinemia during an oral glucose tolerance test, higher levels of HOMA-beta and lower levels of antioxidative defense compared to patients with metabolic syndrome. CONCLUSIONS: Negative correlations between antioxidative defense parameters and BMI, abdominal obesity, insulin secretion, systolic blood pressure and atherogenic lipid factors, as well as correlations between PAI-1 and insulin resistance and basal glycemia in the metabolic syndrome group contribute to accelerated atherosclerosis. Positive correlations between PAI-1 and waist circumference and BMI, and negative correlations between BMI and antioxidative defense in the pre-metabolic syndromepatients show that this early stage preceding the metabolic syndrome is also characterized by atherosclerotic complication risks and evident hyperinsulinism and insulin resistance.
Authors: Cecilie U Rank; Benjamin O Wolthers; Kathrine Grell; Birgitte K Albertsen; Thomas L Frandsen; Ulrik M Overgaard; Nina Toft; Ove J Nielsen; Peder S Wehner; Arja Harila-Saari; Mats M Heyman; Johan Malmros; Jonas Abrahamsson; Ulrika Norén-Nyström; Beata Tomaszewska-Toporska; Bendik Lund; Kirsten B Jarvis; Petter Quist-Paulsen; Goda E Vaitkevičienė; Laimonas Griškevičius; Mervi Taskinen; Ulla Wartiovaara-Kautto; Kristi Lepik; Mari Punab; Ólafur G Jónsson; Kjeld Schmiegelow Journal: J Clin Oncol Date: 2019-11-26 Impact factor: 44.544
Authors: Grzegorz K Jakubiak; Kamila Osadnik; Mateusz Lejawa; Tadeusz Osadnik; Marcin Goławski; Piotr Lewandowski; Natalia Pawlas Journal: Antioxidants (Basel) Date: 2021-12-29