BACKGROUND: Identifying risk factors for the development of post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is important for understanding and ultimately preventing the disorder. This study assessed pain shortly after traumatic injury (i.e. peritraumatic pain) as a risk factor for PTSD. METHOD: Participants (n=115) were patients admitted to a Level 1 Surgical Trauma Center. Admission to this service reflected a severe physical injury requiring specialized, emergent trauma care. Participants completed a pain questionnaire within 48 h of traumatic injury and a PTSD diagnostic module 4 and 8 months later. RESULTS: Peritraumatic pain was associated with an increased risk of PTSD, even after controlling for a number of other significant risk factors other than acute stress disorder symptoms. An increase of 0.5 s.d. from the mean in a 0-10 pain rating scale 24-48 h after injury was associated with an increased odds of PTSD at 4 months by more than fivefold, and at 8 months by almost sevenfold. A single item regarding amount of pain at the time of hospital admission correctly classified 65% of participants. CONCLUSIONS: If these findings are replicated in other samples, high levels of peritraumatic pain could be used to identify individuals at elevated risk for PTSD following traumatic injury.
BACKGROUND: Identifying risk factors for the development of post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is important for understanding and ultimately preventing the disorder. This study assessed pain shortly after traumatic injury (i.e. peritraumatic pain) as a risk factor for PTSD. METHOD:Participants (n=115) were patients admitted to a Level 1 Surgical Trauma Center. Admission to this service reflected a severe physical injury requiring specialized, emergent trauma care. Participants completed a pain questionnaire within 48 h of traumatic injury and a PTSD diagnostic module 4 and 8 months later. RESULTS:Peritraumatic pain was associated with an increased risk of PTSD, even after controlling for a number of other significant risk factors other than acute stress disorder symptoms. An increase of 0.5 s.d. from the mean in a 0-10 pain rating scale 24-48 h after injury was associated with an increased odds of PTSD at 4 months by more than fivefold, and at 8 months by almost sevenfold. A single item regarding amount of pain at the time of hospital admission correctly classified 65% of participants. CONCLUSIONS: If these findings are replicated in other samples, high levels of peritraumatic pain could be used to identify individuals at elevated risk for PTSD following traumatic injury.
Authors: Declan T Barry; Mark Beitel; Christopher J Cutter; Brian Garnet; Dipa Joshi; Andrew Rosenblum; Richard S Schottenfeld Journal: J Pain Date: 2010-06-20 Impact factor: 5.820
Authors: Hong Xie; Meredith Claycomb Erwin; Jon D Elhai; John T Wall; Marijo B Tamburrino; Kristopher R Brickman; Brian Kaminski; Samuel A McLean; Israel Liberzon; Xin Wang Journal: Biol Psychiatry Cogn Neurosci Neuroimaging Date: 2017-12-08
Authors: Renan C Castillo; Yanjie Huang; Daniel Scharfstein; Katherine Frey; Michael J Bosse; Andrew N Pollak; Heather A Vallier; Kristin R Archer; Robert A Hymes; Anna B Newcomb; Ellen J MacKenzie; Stephen Wegener; Joseph R Hsu; Madhav A Karunakar; Rachel B Seymour; Stephen H Sims; Eileen Flores; Christine Churchill; David J Hak; Corey E Henderson; Hassan R Mir; Daniel S Chan; Anjan R Shah; Barbara Steverson; Jerald Westberg; Joshua L Gary; Timothy S Achor; Andrew Choo; John W Munz; Melissa Porrey; Sarah Hendrickson; Mary A Breslin; Todd O McKinley; Greg E Gaski; Laurence B Kempton; Anthony T Sorkin; Walter W Virkus; Lauren C Hill; Clifford B Jones; Debra L Sietsema; Robert V O'Toole; Katherine Ordonio; Andrea L Howe; Timothy J Zerhusen; William Obremskey; Robert H Boyce; A Alex Jahangir; Cesar S Molina; Manish K Sethi; Susan W Vanston; Eben A Carroll; Danielle Yemiola Drye; Martha B Holden; Susan C Collins; Elizabeth Wysocki Journal: JAMA Surg Date: 2019-02-20 Impact factor: 14.766