Leonard P Rybak1. 1. Division of Otolaryngology, Department of Surgery, Southern Illinois University, School of Medicine, Springfield, Illinois 62794-9653, USA. lrybak@siumed.edu
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW: This review presents exciting new data published in the past year that help to elucidate the mechanisms of cisplatin ototoxicity. Recent research findings on otoprotection could lead to the development of novel protective agents. Cisplatin ototoxicity is a frequent and serious problem in patients. Strategies to ameliorate ototoxicity without interfering with the desired therapeutic effects are urgently needed. RECENT FINDINGS: Cisplatin ototoxicity appears to involve the production of reactive oxygen species in target tissues in the inner ear by activating an enzyme unique to the cochlea. This leads to a cascade resulting in oxidation of lipids and cell death. The upregulation of endogenous protective mechanisms in the cochlea or treatment with exogenous compounds reduces ototoxicity in cisplatin-treated animals. The only clinical trials reported to date with the putative protective agent, amifostine, have been disappointing. SUMMARY: The data summarized in this paper could lead to important clinical trials to determine whether the findings in experimental animals can translate into effective treatments to prevent cisplatin ototoxicity.
PURPOSE OF REVIEW: This review presents exciting new data published in the past year that help to elucidate the mechanisms of cisplatinototoxicity. Recent research findings on otoprotection could lead to the development of novel protective agents. Cisplatinototoxicity is a frequent and serious problem in patients. Strategies to ameliorate ototoxicity without interfering with the desired therapeutic effects are urgently needed. RECENT FINDINGS:Cisplatinototoxicity appears to involve the production of reactive oxygen species in target tissues in the inner ear by activating an enzyme unique to the cochlea. This leads to a cascade resulting in oxidation of lipids and cell death. The upregulation of endogenous protective mechanisms in the cochlea or treatment with exogenous compounds reduces ototoxicity in cisplatin-treated animals. The only clinical trials reported to date with the putative protective agent, amifostine, have been disappointing. SUMMARY: The data summarized in this paper could lead to important clinical trials to determine whether the findings in experimental animals can translate into effective treatments to prevent cisplatinototoxicity.
Authors: Michael S Harris; Jaimie L Gilbert; Kelly A Lormore; Swapna A Musunuru; Michael H Fritsch Journal: Otol Neurotol Date: 2011-08 Impact factor: 2.311
Authors: Douglas Ruhl; Ting-Ting Du; Elizabeth L Wagner; Jeong Hwan Choi; Sihan Li; Robert Reed; Kitae Kim; Michael Freeman; George Hashisaki; John R Lukens; Jung-Bum Shin Journal: J Neurosci Date: 2019-02-07 Impact factor: 6.167