An emission inventory of marine vessels in Shanghai in 2003.

We developed an air pollutant emission inventory for marine vessels in the Shanghai Port in 2003. We estimated emissions under cruising and maneuvering conditions based on two categories of vessels: (1) vessels in the Outer Port, which enter the area following notification of the Shanghai Maritime Safety Administration, a division of the Ministry of Communications of P.R. China; and (2) vessels in internal waterways, which enter those waters following notification of the local Port Administration Centers. Vessels in the Outer Port consist of three subcategories: (1) international vessels that are engaged in foreign commerce; (2) domestic vessels traveling along the downstream portion of the Huangpu River; and (3) domestic vessels traveling along the coast. We also estimate emissions from vessels over 1000 DWT operating under hotelling conditions in the Outer Port. In 2003, the total number of calls was approximately 1.3 million, of which 57% is attributed to vessels in internal waterways and 43% to vessels in the Outer Port. Total marine emissions for NOx, SO2, PM, HC, and CO2 in 2003 are estimated to be 58,160, 51,180, 6960, 4560, and 3,012,800 tons, respectively. Emissions are allocated to 1 km x 1 km grid cells for the 129 km x 102 km Shanghai Port study domain.