CONTEXT: Adaptive thermogenesis is defined as the increase in energy expenditure in response to overfeeding or cold. Large interindividual differences in adaptive thermogenesis have been described. OBJECTIVE: Because there are indications for a common underlying mechanism, we studied in humans whether the increase in thermogenesis during short-term overfeeding (3 d) is related to mild cold-induced thermogenesis. INTERVENTIONS: Thirteen lean male subjects have been exposed to three experimental conditions in respiration chambers: baseline (36 h in energy balance at thermoneutrality, 22 C), overfeeding (84 h at 160% of energy balance, 22 C), and mild cold (84 h in energy balance, 16 C). MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: During the interventions, total daily energy expenditure (TDEE), physical activity, skin temperatures, and core temperature were measured. After each condition, fasting plasma norepinephrine concentration was measured. RESULTS: Overfeeding caused significant increases in TDEE (0.77 MJ/d, P < 0.001). During cold exposure TDEE increased significantly (0.59 MJ/d, P < 0.005), whereas physical activity decreased. The changes in TDEE during both overfeeding and mild cold exposure showed considerable interindividual variation (respectively, -0.11 to 1.61 MJ/d and -0.19 to 1.58 MJ/d). The individual changes in energy expenditure during mild cold exposure and overfeeding were highly correlated (P < 0.005). Fasting norepinephrine plasma concentrations correlated significantly to energy expenditure in both situations (P < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS: These results suggest that both overfeeding-induced and mild cold-induced adaptive thermogenesis share common regulating mechanisms. This indicates that cold exposure could be used as a biomarker for the individual thermogenic response to excess energy intake.
CONTEXT: Adaptive thermogenesis is defined as the increase in energy expenditure in response to overfeeding or cold. Large interindividual differences in adaptive thermogenesis have been described. OBJECTIVE: Because there are indications for a common underlying mechanism, we studied in humans whether the increase in thermogenesis during short-term overfeeding (3 d) is related to mild cold-induced thermogenesis. INTERVENTIONS: Thirteen lean male subjects have been exposed to three experimental conditions in respiration chambers: baseline (36 h in energy balance at thermoneutrality, 22 C), overfeeding (84 h at 160% of energy balance, 22 C), and mild cold (84 h in energy balance, 16 C). MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: During the interventions, total daily energy expenditure (TDEE), physical activity, skin temperatures, and core temperature were measured. After each condition, fasting plasma norepinephrine concentration was measured. RESULTS: Overfeeding caused significant increases in TDEE (0.77 MJ/d, P < 0.001). During cold exposure TDEE increased significantly (0.59 MJ/d, P < 0.005), whereas physical activity decreased. The changes in TDEE during both overfeeding and mild cold exposure showed considerable interindividual variation (respectively, -0.11 to 1.61 MJ/d and -0.19 to 1.58 MJ/d). The individual changes in energy expenditure during mild cold exposure and overfeeding were highly correlated (P < 0.005). Fasting norepinephrine plasma concentrations correlated significantly to energy expenditure in both situations (P < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS: These results suggest that both overfeeding-induced and mild cold-induced adaptive thermogenesis share common regulating mechanisms. This indicates that cold exposure could be used as a biomarker for the individual thermogenic response to excess energy intake.
Authors: Tim Hollstein; Sascha Heinitz; Takafumi Ando; Theresa L Rodzevik; Alessio Basolo; Mary Walter; Douglas C Chang; Jonathan Krakoff; Paolo Piaggi Journal: Diabetes Date: 2020-04-27 Impact factor: 9.461
Authors: M J Vosselman; J Hoeks; B Brans; H Pallubinsky; E B M Nascimento; A A J J van der Lans; E P M Broeders; F M Mottaghy; P Schrauwen; W D van Marken Lichtenbelt Journal: Int J Obes (Lond) Date: 2015-07-20 Impact factor: 5.095
Authors: Anouk A J J van der Lans; Joris Hoeks; Boudewijn Brans; Guy H E J Vijgen; Mariëlle G W Visser; Maarten J Vosselman; Jan Hansen; Johanna A Jörgensen; Jun Wu; Felix M Mottaghy; Patrick Schrauwen; Wouter D van Marken Lichtenbelt Journal: J Clin Invest Date: 2013-07-15 Impact factor: 14.808