BACKGROUND: Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is associated with cardiovascular disease through incompletely understood mechanisms. Urinary albumin excretion is a surrogate for endothelial dysfunction and a potent cardiovascular disease risk predictor. We sought to determine whether urinary albumin excretion is increased in subjects with OSA. METHODS: Four hundred ninety-six adults, representing a spectrum of OSA severity, underwent overnight polysomnography and urine collection. OSA severity was assessed using the apnea-hypopnea index (AHI). The primary outcome measure was the adjusted albumin-to-creatinine ratio (aACR). Linear mixed models were used to assess the association between AHI category and aACR, adjusted for confounders and renal dysfunction. RESULTS: Subjects had a mean age of 44 +/- 17 (SD) years and approximately half were men (44%) and African American (56%). The percentages of subjects with mild (AHI 5-14), moderate (AHI 15-29), and severe (AHI > or = 30) OSA were 23%, 15%, and 15%, respectively. The median aACR for the entire sample was 4.3 mg/g (interquartile range: 2.9, 7.5). Adjusted linear mixed-model analyses showed a significant association between AHI category and aACR, with the AHI > or = 30 group having the highest aACR levels (7.87 +/- 1.02 mg/g vs 5.08 +/- 0.41 mg/g for those with AHI < 5; P < 0.006). Similar findings were observed after excluding subjects with renal dysfunction. CONCLUSION: OSA is significantly associated with increased urine albumin excretion, especially among those with more severe disease. These data provide further evidence supporting endothelial dysfunction as a mediating pathway between cardiovascular disease and OSA.
BACKGROUND: Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is associated with cardiovascular disease through incompletely understood mechanisms. Urinary albumin excretion is a surrogate for endothelial dysfunction and a potent cardiovascular disease risk predictor. We sought to determine whether urinary albumin excretion is increased in subjects with OSA. METHODS: Four hundred ninety-six adults, representing a spectrum of OSA severity, underwent overnight polysomnography and urine collection. OSA severity was assessed using the apnea-hypopnea index (AHI). The primary outcome measure was the adjusted albumin-to-creatinine ratio (aACR). Linear mixed models were used to assess the association between AHI category and aACR, adjusted for confounders and renal dysfunction. RESULTS: Subjects had a mean age of 44 +/- 17 (SD) years and approximately half were men (44%) and African American (56%). The percentages of subjects with mild (AHI 5-14), moderate (AHI 15-29), and severe (AHI > or = 30) OSA were 23%, 15%, and 15%, respectively. The median aACR for the entire sample was 4.3 mg/g (interquartile range: 2.9, 7.5). Adjusted linear mixed-model analyses showed a significant association between AHI category and aACR, with the AHI > or = 30 group having the highest aACR levels (7.87 +/- 1.02 mg/g vs 5.08 +/- 0.41 mg/g for those with AHI < 5; P < 0.006). Similar findings were observed after excluding subjects with renal dysfunction. CONCLUSION: OSA is significantly associated with increased urine albumin excretion, especially among those with more severe disease. These data provide further evidence supporting endothelial dysfunction as a mediating pathway between cardiovascular disease and OSA.
Authors: S Redline; M H Sanders; B K Lind; S F Quan; C Iber; D J Gottlieb; W H Bonekat; D M Rapoport; P L Smith; J P Kiley Journal: Sleep Date: 1998-11-01 Impact factor: 5.849
Authors: T Hori; Y Sugita; E Koga; S Shirakawa; K Inoue; S Uchida; H Kuwahara; M Kousaka; T Kobayashi; Y Tsuji; M Terashima; K Fukuda; N Fukuda Journal: Psychiatry Clin Neurosci Date: 2001-06 Impact factor: 5.188
Authors: E Shahar; C W Whitney; S Redline; E T Lee; A B Newman; F J Nieto; G T O'Connor; L L Boland; J E Schwartz; J M Samet Journal: Am J Respir Crit Care Med Date: 2001-01 Impact factor: 21.405
Authors: M Kato; P Roberts-Thomson; B G Phillips; W G Haynes; M Winnicki; V Accurso; V K Somers Journal: Circulation Date: 2000-11-21 Impact factor: 39.918
Authors: Euphemia G Daskalopoulou; Christos Liavvas; Christos T Nakas; Emmanuel G Vlachogiannis; Demosthenes Bouros; Nicholas V Dombros Journal: Sleep Breath Date: 2010-09-25 Impact factor: 2.816
Authors: Muna T Canales; Brent C Taylor; Areef Ishani; Reena Mehra; Michael Steffes; Katie L Stone; Susan Redline; Kristine E Ensrud Journal: Sleep Med Date: 2008-08 Impact factor: 3.492