OBJECTIVE: Classically, the penis has two functions: to make internal fertilization possible and to direct the urine stream. However, objective abnormalities in penis size can lead to diseases being diagnosed. Furthermore, many medical consultations are the result of patients seeking parameters for normal penis size. Additionally, the penile anthropometry of Brazilian children and adolescents has not yet been properly studied. The objective of this study is to carry out penile anthropometry of Brazilian children and adolescents, establishing references for clinical use. METHODS: A cross-sectional study was carried out of 2,010 patients with ages varying from 0 to 18 years. Five penile measurements were taken: diameter of penile shaft; apparent and real length of flaccid penis; apparent and real (RSL(max)) length of flaccid penis fully stretched. Pubertal development was defined according to Tanner's criteria. RESULTS: Only RSLmax, out of all of the penile measurements, did not exhibit significant interobserver variation at all ages analyzed (p = 0.255). Results were tabulated with mean RSLmax and the values that define micropenis (mean - 2.5 standard deviations) by age and by Tanner sexual maturity stages. A graph was plotted of the distribution of RSLmax results by the 10th, 25th, 50th, 75th and 90th percentiles and by age. CONCLUSIONS: Out of all of the penile anthropometric measurements, only RSL(max) is clinically useful. We recommend our results as a reference standard for penile anthropometry of Brazilian children and adolescents.
OBJECTIVE: Classically, the penis has two functions: to make internal fertilization possible and to direct the urine stream. However, objective abnormalities in penis size can lead to diseases being diagnosed. Furthermore, many medical consultations are the result of patients seeking parameters for normal penis size. Additionally, the penile anthropometry of Brazilian children and adolescents has not yet been properly studied. The objective of this study is to carry out penile anthropometry of Brazilian children and adolescents, establishing references for clinical use. METHODS: A cross-sectional study was carried out of 2,010 patients with ages varying from 0 to 18 years. Five penile measurements were taken: diameter of penile shaft; apparent and real length of flaccid penis; apparent and real (RSL(max)) length of flaccid penis fully stretched. Pubertal development was defined according to Tanner's criteria. RESULTS: Only RSLmax, out of all of the penile measurements, did not exhibit significant interobserver variation at all ages analyzed (p = 0.255). Results were tabulated with mean RSLmax and the values that define micropenis (mean - 2.5 standard deviations) by age and by Tanner sexual maturity stages. A graph was plotted of the distribution of RSLmax results by the 10th, 25th, 50th, 75th and 90th percentiles and by age. CONCLUSIONS: Out of all of the penile anthropometric measurements, only RSL(max) is clinically useful. We recommend our results as a reference standard for penile anthropometry of Brazilian children and adolescents.
Authors: Elena Gianetti; Cintia Tusset; Sekoni D Noel; Margaret G Au; Andrew A Dwyer; Virginia A Hughes; Ana Paula Abreu; Jessica Carroll; Ericka Trarbach; Leticia F G Silveira; Elaine M F Costa; Berenice Bilharinho de Mendonça; Margaret de Castro; Adriana Lofrano; Janet E Hall; Erol Bolu; Metin Ozata; Richard Quinton; John K Amory; Susan E Stewart; Wiebke Arlt; Trevor R Cole; William F Crowley; Ursula B Kaiser; Ana Claudia Latronico; Stephanie B Seminara Journal: J Clin Endocrinol Metab Date: 2010-03-23 Impact factor: 5.958
Authors: Elena Gianetti; Janet E Hall; Margaret G Au; Ursula B Kaiser; Richard Quinton; Jane A Stewart; Daniel L Metzger; Nelly Pitteloud; Veronica Mericq; Paulina M Merino; Lynne L Levitsky; Louise Izatt; Mariarosaria Lang-Muritano; Victor Y Fujimoto; Robert G Dluhy; Matthew L Chase; William F Crowley; Lacey Plummer; Stephanie B Seminara Journal: J Clin Endocrinol Metab Date: 2012-06-28 Impact factor: 5.958
Authors: Sungchan Park; Jae Min Chung; Dong Il Kang; Dong Soo Ryu; Won Yeol Cho; Sang Don Lee Journal: J Korean Med Sci Date: 2016-10 Impact factor: 2.153
Authors: Ilanna Fragoso Peixoto Gazzaneo; Camila Maia Costa de Queiroz; Larissa Clara Vieira Goes; Victor José Correia Lessa; Reinaldo Luna de Omena Filho; Diogo Lucas Lima do Nascimento; Reginaldo José Petroli; Susane Vasconcelos Zanotti; Isabella Lopes Monlleó Journal: Rev Paul Pediatr Date: 2015-10-09