BACKGROUND: Most cases of hyponatremia--serum sodium concentration ([Na+]) < 135 mEq/l (< 135 mM)--are associated with an elevated plasma arginine vasopressin level. This study investigated the efficacy and tolerability of intravenous conivaptan (YM087), a vasopressin V1A/V2-receptor antagonist, in treating euvolemic and hypervolemic hyponatremia. METHODS:Eighty-four hospitalized patients with euvolemic or hypervolemic hyponatremia (serum [Na+] 115 to < 130 mEq/l) were randomly assigned to receive intravenous placebo or conivaptan administered as a 30-min, 20-mg loading dose followed by a 96-hour infusion of either 40 or 80 mg/day. The primary efficacy measure was change in serum [Na+], measured by the baseline-adjusted area under the [Na+]-time curve. The secondary measures included time from first dose to a confirmed > or = 4 mEq/l serum [Na+] increase, total time patients had serum [Na+] > or = 4 mEq/l higher than baseline, change in serum [Na+] from baseline to the end of treatment, and number of patients with a confirmed > or = 6 mEq/l increase in serum [Na+] or normal [Na+] (> or = 135 mEq/l). RESULTS: Both conivaptan doses increased area under the [Na+]-time curve during the 4-day treatment (p < 0.0001 vs. placebo). From baseline to the end of treatment, the least-squares mean +/- standard error serum [Na+] increase associated with placebo was 0.8 +/- 0.8 mEq/l; with conivaptan 40 mg/day, 6.3 +/- 0.7 mEq/l; and with conivaptan 80 mg/day, 9.4 +/- 0.8 mEq/l. Conivaptan significantly improved all secondary efficacy measures (p < 0.001 vs. placebo, both doses). Conivaptan was generally well tolerated, although infusion-site reactions led to the withdrawal of 1 (3%) and 4 (15%) of patients given conivaptan 40 and 80 mg/day, respectively. CONCLUSION: Among patients with euvolemic or hypervolemic hyponatremia, 4-day intravenous infusion ofconivaptan 40 mg/day significantly increased serum [Na+] and was well tolerated. 2007 S. Karger AG, Basel
RCT Entities:
BACKGROUND: Most cases of hyponatremia--serum sodium concentration ([Na+]) < 135 mEq/l (< 135 mM)--are associated with an elevated plasma arginine vasopressin level. This study investigated the efficacy and tolerability of intravenous conivaptan (YM087), a vasopressin V1A/V2-receptor antagonist, in treating euvolemic and hypervolemic hyponatremia. METHODS: Eighty-four hospitalized patients with euvolemic or hypervolemic hyponatremia (serum [Na+] 115 to < 130 mEq/l) were randomly assigned to receive intravenous placebo or conivaptan administered as a 30-min, 20-mg loading dose followed by a 96-hour infusion of either 40 or 80 mg/day. The primary efficacy measure was change in serum [Na+], measured by the baseline-adjusted area under the [Na+]-time curve. The secondary measures included time from first dose to a confirmed > or = 4 mEq/l serum [Na+] increase, total time patients had serum [Na+] > or = 4 mEq/l higher than baseline, change in serum [Na+] from baseline to the end of treatment, and number of patients with a confirmed > or = 6 mEq/l increase in serum [Na+] or normal [Na+] (> or = 135 mEq/l). RESULTS: Both conivaptan doses increased area under the [Na+]-time curve during the 4-day treatment (p < 0.0001 vs. placebo). From baseline to the end of treatment, the least-squares mean +/- standard error serum [Na+] increase associated with placebo was 0.8 +/- 0.8 mEq/l; with conivaptan 40 mg/day, 6.3 +/- 0.7 mEq/l; and with conivaptan 80 mg/day, 9.4 +/- 0.8 mEq/l. Conivaptan significantly improved all secondary efficacy measures (p < 0.001 vs. placebo, both doses). Conivaptan was generally well tolerated, although infusion-site reactions led to the withdrawal of 1 (3%) and 4 (15%) of patients given conivaptan 40 and 80 mg/day, respectively. CONCLUSION: Among patients with euvolemic or hypervolemic hyponatremia, 4-day intravenous infusion of conivaptan 40 mg/day significantly increased serum [Na+] and was well tolerated. 2007 S. Karger AG, Basel
Authors: Michael J Roy; Keith A Erdman; Anura T Abeyratne; Lisa C Plumb; Kenneth Lasseter; Dennis S Riff; James J Keirns Journal: Clin Pharmacokinet Date: 2013-05 Impact factor: 6.447
Authors: Jalal K Ghali; Jareer O Farah; Suleiman Daifallah; Hassan A Zabalawi; Hammam D Zmily Journal: Drug Des Devel Ther Date: 2009-12-29 Impact factor: 4.162