BACKGROUND: The duration of protection provided by hepatitis B vaccination is unknown, but the presence of immune memory can be evaluated indirectly by measuring the immune response to a booster dose of vaccine. METHODS: Participants included 74 adolescents (aged 11.7-14.9 years) who had received a plasma-derived 3-dose primary vaccine series and 138 adolescents (aged 10.0-14.7 years) and 166 children (aged 5.0-7.0 years) who received a recombinant 3-dose primary vaccine series. All were born to hepatitis B surface antigen-negative mothers and had received the first dose of hepatitis B vaccine within 7 days of birth. The proportion of participants with serologic evidence of protective immunity (antibody to hepatitis B surface antigen > or = 10 mIU/mL) at baseline (prebooster), the proportion who developed an anamnestic response (increase to > or = 10 mIU/mL or at or more than fourfold increase in antibody to hepatitis B surface antigen to > 10 mIU/mL), and the geometric mean concentration by 1, 2, and 4 weeks after a 5-microg recombinant vaccine booster dose were determined. RESULTS: No participant had evidence of chronic hepatitis B virus infection. Overall, 99% of the group of children who received recombinant hepatitis B vaccine, 83% of the group of adolescents who received recombinant hepatitis B vaccine, and 69% of the group of adolescents who received the plasma-derived vaccine had an anamnestic response to a booster dose; among responders, the geometric mean concentration at 2 weeks postbooster was 3360 and 128 mIU/mL among adolescents who received plasma-derived vaccine with antibodies to hepatitis B surface antigen > or = 10 and < 10 mIU/mL at baseline, respectively, compared with 1283 and 369 mIU/mL among adolescents who received recombinant hepatitis B vaccine and 5091 and 696 mIU/mL for children who received recombinant hepatitis B vaccine. The anamnestic response rate at 2 weeks postbooster among participants with antibodies to hepatitis B surface antigen < 10 mIU/mL at baseline was inversely associated with age; 97% of 5-year-olds responded compared with 60% of 14-year-olds. CONCLUSIONS: Although most participants responded to a booster dose of hepatitis B vaccine, the significance of the increased proportion of nonresponses among older adolescents might indicate waning immune memory.
BACKGROUND: The duration of protection provided by hepatitis B vaccination is unknown, but the presence of immune memory can be evaluated indirectly by measuring the immune response to a booster dose of vaccine. METHODS:Participants included 74 adolescents (aged 11.7-14.9 years) who had received a plasma-derived 3-dose primary vaccine series and 138 adolescents (aged 10.0-14.7 years) and 166 children (aged 5.0-7.0 years) who received a recombinant 3-dose primary vaccine series. All were born to hepatitis B surface antigen-negative mothers and had received the first dose of hepatitis B vaccine within 7 days of birth. The proportion of participants with serologic evidence of protective immunity (antibody to hepatitis B surface antigen > or = 10 mIU/mL) at baseline (prebooster), the proportion who developed an anamnestic response (increase to > or = 10 mIU/mL or at or more than fourfold increase in antibody to hepatitis B surface antigen to > 10 mIU/mL), and the geometric mean concentration by 1, 2, and 4 weeks after a 5-microg recombinant vaccine booster dose were determined. RESULTS: No participant had evidence of chronic hepatitis B virus infection. Overall, 99% of the group of children who received recombinant hepatitis B vaccine, 83% of the group of adolescents who received recombinant hepatitis B vaccine, and 69% of the group of adolescents who received the plasma-derived vaccine had an anamnestic response to a booster dose; among responders, the geometric mean concentration at 2 weeks postbooster was 3360 and 128 mIU/mL among adolescents who received plasma-derived vaccine with antibodies to hepatitis B surface antigen > or = 10 and < 10 mIU/mL at baseline, respectively, compared with 1283 and 369 mIU/mL among adolescents who received recombinant hepatitis B vaccine and 5091 and 696 mIU/mL for children who received recombinant hepatitis B vaccine. The anamnestic response rate at 2 weeks postbooster among participants with antibodies to hepatitis B surface antigen < 10 mIU/mL at baseline was inversely associated with age; 97% of 5-year-olds responded compared with 60% of 14-year-olds. CONCLUSIONS: Although most participants responded to a booster dose of hepatitis B vaccine, the significance of the increased proportion of nonresponses among older adolescents might indicate waning immune memory.
Authors: Brenna C Simons; Philip R Spradling; Dana J T Bruden; Carolyn Zanis; Samantha Case; Tammy L Choromanski; Minjun Apodaca; Hazel D Brogdon; Gaelen Dwyer; Mary Snowball; Susan Negus; Michael G Bruce; Chihiro Morishima; Cindy Knall; Brian J McMahon Journal: J Infect Dis Date: 2016-04-07 Impact factor: 5.226
Authors: Thomas G O'Connor; Marcia A Winter; Julianne Hunn; Jennifer Carnahan; Eva K Pressman; Vivette Glover; Emma Robertson-Blackmore; Jan A Moynihan; F Eun-Hyung Lee; Mary T Caserta Journal: Brain Behav Immun Date: 2013-02-21 Impact factor: 7.217
Authors: Malene L Børresen; Anders Koch; Robert J Biggar; Karin Ladefoged; Mads Melbye; Jan Wohlfahrt; Tyra Grove Krause Journal: Am J Public Health Date: 2011-11-28 Impact factor: 9.308
Authors: Mark J Abzug; Meredith Warshaw; Howard M Rosenblatt; Myron J Levin; Sharon A Nachman; Stephen I Pelton; William Borkowsky; Terence Fenton Journal: J Infect Dis Date: 2009-09-15 Impact factor: 5.226
Authors: Gregory A Raczniak; Timothy K Thomas; Lisa R Bulkow; Susan E Negus; Carolyn L Zanis; Michael G Bruce; Philip R Spradling; Eyasu H Teshale; Brian J McMahon Journal: Vaccine Date: 2013-03-05 Impact factor: 3.641
Authors: James W Keck; Lisa R Bulkow; Gregory A Raczniak; Susan E Negus; Carolyn L Zanis; Michael G Bruce; Philip R Spradling; Eyasu H Teshale; Brian J McMahon Journal: Clin Vaccine Immunol Date: 2014-07-23