BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: An increase in the common carotid artery intima-media thickness (CCA-IMT) is generally considered an early marker of atherosclerosis. This cross-sectional study assessed the CCA-IMT and plaque score as vascular risk factors in patients with ischemic stroke and type 2 diabetes. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Brain MR imaging and carotid ultrasonography were performed in 133 subjects with type 2 diabetes. IMT was measured at both CCAs. Differences in the variables between case and control subjects were compared statistically. To determine the independent factors related to CCA-IMT and plaque score, we performed stepwise multiple regression analysis. RESULTS: Sex, current smoking habit, history of hypertension, and high-density lipoprotein (HDL) levels differed significantly between the case and control groups. CCA-IMT and plaque score in patients with diabetes and acute ischemic stroke were significantly greater than in patients with diabetes who were stroke-free. The crude odds ratios suggested that CCA-IMT and plaque score are risk factors of acute ischemic stroke in patients with type 2 diabetes. However, when we adjusted for cerebrovascular risk factors, CCA-IMT and plaque score did not remain significantly associated with acute ischemic stroke. CONCLUSION: Increased CCA-IMT and plaque score are associated with acute ischemic stroke in patients with type 2 diabetes. The higher CCA-IMT and plaque score found in ischemic stroke in patients with type 2 diabetes seem to be induced by cerebrovascular risk factors. Therefore, to prevent ischemic stroke in patients with type 2 diabetes, strict control of hyperglycemia, hypertension, smoking, and low HDL, together with monitoring of CCA-IMT and carotid plaque, may be important.
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: An increase in the common carotid artery intima-media thickness (CCA-IMT) is generally considered an early marker of atherosclerosis. This cross-sectional study assessed the CCA-IMT and plaque score as vascular risk factors in patients with ischemic stroke and type 2 diabetes. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Brain MR imaging and carotid ultrasonography were performed in 133 subjects with type 2 diabetes. IMT was measured at both CCAs. Differences in the variables between case and control subjects were compared statistically. To determine the independent factors related to CCA-IMT and plaque score, we performed stepwise multiple regression analysis. RESULTS: Sex, current smoking habit, history of hypertension, and high-density lipoprotein (HDL) levels differed significantly between the case and control groups. CCA-IMT and plaque score in patients with diabetes and acute ischemic stroke were significantly greater than in patients with diabetes who were stroke-free. The crude odds ratios suggested that CCA-IMT and plaque score are risk factors of acute ischemic stroke in patients with type 2 diabetes. However, when we adjusted for cerebrovascular risk factors, CCA-IMT and plaque score did not remain significantly associated with acute ischemic stroke. CONCLUSION: Increased CCA-IMT and plaque score are associated with acute ischemic stroke in patients with type 2 diabetes. The higher CCA-IMT and plaque score found in ischemic stroke in patients with type 2 diabetes seem to be induced by cerebrovascular risk factors. Therefore, to prevent ischemic stroke in patients with type 2 diabetes, strict control of hyperglycemia, hypertension, smoking, and low HDL, together with monitoring of CCA-IMT and carotid plaque, may be important.
Authors: M M Sabetai; T J Tegos; A N Nicolaides; T S El-Atrozy; S Dhanjil; M Griffin; G Belcaro; G Geroulakos Journal: J Vasc Surg Date: 2000-01 Impact factor: 4.268
Authors: C Bonithon-Kopp; P J Touboul; C Berr; C Leroux; F Mainard; D Courbon; P Ducimetière Journal: Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol Date: 1996-02 Impact factor: 8.311
Authors: G Tsivgoulis; K N Vemmos; K Spengos; C M Papamichael; A Cimboneriu; V Zis; N Zakopoulos; M Mavrikakis Journal: J Neurol Date: 2005-05-23 Impact factor: 4.849
Authors: Edith D Beishuizen; Marcel A van de Ree; J Wouter Jukema; Jouke T Tamsma; J Carel M van der Vijver; A Edo Meinders; Hein Putter; Menno V Huisman Journal: Diabetes Care Date: 2004-12 Impact factor: 19.112
Authors: L M Cupini; P Pasqualetti; M Diomedi; F Vernieri; M Silvestrini; B Rizzato; F Ferrante; G Bernardi Journal: Stroke Date: 2002-03 Impact factor: 7.914
Authors: M Hollander; M L Bots; A Iglesias Del Sol; P J Koudstaal; J C M Witteman; D E Grobbee; A Hofman; M M B Breteler Journal: Circulation Date: 2002-06-18 Impact factor: 29.690
Authors: Hannah Gardener; David Della Morte; Mitchell S V Elkind; Ralph L Sacco; Tatjana Rundek Journal: BMC Cardiovasc Disord Date: 2009-12-22 Impact factor: 2.298