BACKGROUND: Ductoscopy is gaining increased importance in the diagnosis of nipple discharge of unclear origin and intraductal proliferation. For this reason we compared its diagnostic value and feasibility to standard diagnostic methods. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Ductoscopy was compared to mammography, galactography, sonography, magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), nipple smear, fine needle aspiration cytology (FNAC), and high-speed core biopsy; feasibility, sensitivity, and specificity were investigated for each method. RESULTS: 71 ductoscopies were evaluated, which were followed up by open biopsies. Here, 3 invasive and 8 ductal carcinomas in situ were found, as well as 3 atypical ductal hyperplasias, 44 papillomas/papillomatoses, and 13 benign findings. Feasibility of ductoscopy was in this series 100%. Duct sonography showed the highest sensitivity (67.3%), followed by MRI (65.2%), galactography (56.3%), ductoscopy (55.2%), and FNAC (51.9%). The highest specificity was shown by FNAC, core biopsy, and galactography (each 100.0%), followed by mammography (92.3%), nipple smear (77.8%), ductoscopy, and duct sonography (each 61.5%); the lowest specificity was displayed by MRI (25.0%). CONCLUSION: The results confirm that ductoscopy can be performed within the same range of sensitivity and specificity as other techniques. In order to make conclusive statements about ductoscopy, especially in order to precisely define the indications for this method, a prospective multicenter study was initiated.
BACKGROUND: Ductoscopy is gaining increased importance in the diagnosis of nipple discharge of unclear origin and intraductal proliferation. For this reason we compared its diagnostic value and feasibility to standard diagnostic methods. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Ductoscopy was compared to mammography, galactography, sonography, magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), nipple smear, fine needle aspiration cytology (FNAC), and high-speed core biopsy; feasibility, sensitivity, and specificity were investigated for each method. RESULTS: 71 ductoscopies were evaluated, which were followed up by open biopsies. Here, 3 invasive and 8 ductal carcinomas in situ were found, as well as 3 atypical ductal hyperplasias, 44 papillomas/papillomatoses, and 13 benign findings. Feasibility of ductoscopy was in this series 100%. Duct sonography showed the highest sensitivity (67.3%), followed by MRI (65.2%), galactography (56.3%), ductoscopy (55.2%), and FNAC (51.9%). The highest specificity was shown by FNAC, core biopsy, and galactography (each 100.0%), followed by mammography (92.3%), nipple smear (77.8%), ductoscopy, and duct sonography (each 61.5%); the lowest specificity was displayed by MRI (25.0%). CONCLUSION: The results confirm that ductoscopy can be performed within the same range of sensitivity and specificity as other techniques. In order to make conclusive statements about ductoscopy, especially in order to precisely define the indications for this method, a prospective multicenter study was initiated.
Authors: Hu Wei; Fan Jiayi; Zhang Qinping; Shi Junyi; Shen Yuan; Li Li; Su Dongwei; Qing Liying Journal: World J Surg Date: 2009-12 Impact factor: 3.352
Authors: Rüdiger Schulz-Wendtland; Caroline Preuss; Peter A Fasching; Christian R Loehberg; Michael P Lux; Julius Emons; Matthias W Beckmann; Michael Uder; Markus Mueller-Schimpfle Journal: Geburtshilfe Frauenheilkd Date: 2018-06-04 Impact factor: 2.915
Authors: M Hahn; T Fehm; E F Solomayer; K C Siegmann; A S Hengstmann; D Wallwiener; R Ohlinger Journal: BMC Cancer Date: 2009-05-17 Impact factor: 4.430