BACKGROUND: A detailed insight into the early healing response of trabecular bone to unloaded titanium implants is lacking. METHODS: Cylindrical implants were inserted in the tibial epiphysis of rabbits and left to heal for 1 to 42 days. Samples were processed into paraffin or methylmethacrylate sections and histomorphometrically analyzed. RESULTS: A hematoma was observed after 1 and 3 days of implant placement. In addition, small fragments of bone trabeculae were detected around the implant as a result of the implant installment procedure. Soon, osteoclasts were observed resorbing these fragments, whereas osteoblasts incorporated them in strands of new bone, thereby making them difficult to distinguish from day 7 onward. At that time, osteoblasts were detected at the edges of the preexisting bone, actively depositing new bone, resulting in maximal osteoid deposition around the implant after 28 days (58%). After 7 days of healing, the presence of basic remodeling units in the surrounding bone was already maximal (P <0.05 versus t = 1 and 3 days). This remodeling activity, together with the new bone formation, provided a firm anchoring of the implant in the trabecular bone. CONCLUSIONS: This study evaluated the early cellular events in trabecular bone surrounding titanium implants. The insertion of an implant into bone initiates a series of biologic processes, including the formation of a hematoma, shattered bone fragments adjacent to the implantation site, intensive bone remodeling, and the formation of new bone, eventually leading to the osseointegration of the implant.
BACKGROUND: A detailed insight into the early healing response of trabecular bone to unloaded titanium implants is lacking. METHODS: Cylindrical implants were inserted in the tibial epiphysis of rabbits and left to heal for 1 to 42 days. Samples were processed into paraffin or methylmethacrylate sections and histomorphometrically analyzed. RESULTS: A hematoma was observed after 1 and 3 days of implant placement. In addition, small fragments of bone trabeculae were detected around the implant as a result of the implant installment procedure. Soon, osteoclasts were observed resorbing these fragments, whereas osteoblasts incorporated them in strands of new bone, thereby making them difficult to distinguish from day 7 onward. At that time, osteoblasts were detected at the edges of the preexisting bone, actively depositing new bone, resulting in maximal osteoid deposition around the implant after 28 days (58%). After 7 days of healing, the presence of basic remodeling units in the surrounding bone was already maximal (P <0.05 versus t = 1 and 3 days). This remodeling activity, together with the new bone formation, provided a firm anchoring of the implant in the trabecular bone. CONCLUSIONS: This study evaluated the early cellular events in trabecular bone surrounding titanium implants. The insertion of an implant into bone initiates a series of biologic processes, including the formation of a hematoma, shattered bone fragments adjacent to the implantation site, intensive bone remodeling, and the formation of new bone, eventually leading to the osseointegration of the implant.
Authors: Shailly H Jariwala; Hwabok Wee; Evan P Roush; Tiffany L Whitcomb; Christopher Murter; Gery Kozlansky; Akhlesh Lakhtakia; Allen R Kunselman; Henry J Donahue; April D Armstrong; Gregory S Lewis Journal: J Orthop Res Date: 2016-07-20 Impact factor: 3.494
Authors: Abdullah Aldosari AlFarraj; Anil Sukumaran; Mohammad D Al Amri; Aja Bart Van Oirschot; John A Jansen Journal: Odontology Date: 2017-02-13 Impact factor: 2.634
Authors: Juan Carlos Bernabeu-Mira; Hilario Pellicer-Chover; Miguel Peñarrocha-Diago; David Peñarrocha-Oltra Journal: Materials (Basel) Date: 2020-04-19 Impact factor: 3.623
Authors: Renan de Barros E Lima Bueno; Ana Paula Dias; Katia J Ponce; Rima Wazen; John B Brunski; Antonio Nanci Journal: J Mech Behav Biomed Mater Date: 2018-05-31