[Loads acting on orthopaedic implants. Measurements and practical applications].

The loads measured at instrumented joint replacements and other orthopaedic implants allow the optimization of their stability, wear properties, fixation stability and kinematic properties prior to clinical applications. The data obtained also indicate which activities cause very high loads and should be avoided by the patients in order not to endanger the long-term success of the implant. In addition, physiotherapy after joint arthroplasty and fractures can be further improved on the basis of these data. The technical principles for such measurements are summarized and examples for the design of load measuring instrumented implants are presented. The most important results are presented based on the measurements taken at the hip and shoulder joints, internal spinal fixation devices, vertebral body replacements and knee joints. Using this data, many practical conclusions are drawn. Due to the huge amount of data obtained from the hip, most practical advise can be provided to patients with replacement or disorders involving this joint.