CONTEXT: Although depression, anxiety, and hostility/anger have each been associated with an increased risk of coronary artery disease, these overlapping negative emotions have not been simultaneously examined as predictors of the progression of subclinical atherosclerosis. OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the relative importance of depressive symptoms, anxiety symptoms, and hostility/anger in predicting subclinical atherosclerotic progression over a 3-year period. Design/ SETTING: The Pittsburgh Healthy Heart Project, an ongoing prospective cohort study of healthy, older men and women from the general community. At baseline, questionnaires were administered to assess depressive symptoms, anxiety symptoms, hostility, anger experience, and anger expression. Mean carotid intima-media thickness was assessed by B-mode ultrasonography during the baseline and 3-year follow-up visits. PARTICIPANTS: Of the 464 adults enrolled in the project, 324 (69.8%) were included in this report because they had complete baseline and follow-up data. Main Outcome Measure Three-year change in mean carotid intima-media thickness. RESULTS: Regression analyses indicated that higher depressive symptoms at baseline were associated with greater 3-year change in carotid intima-media thickness (DeltaR(2) = 0.026, P = .002), even after taking into account demographic factors, cardiovascular risk factors, medication use, medical conditions, and other correlated negative emotions. Measures of anxiety symptoms, hostility, anger experience, and anger expression were each unrelated to intima-media thickness change. Post hoc analyses examining depressive symptom clusters showed that the somatic-vegetative symptoms of depression (DeltaR(2) = 0.027, P = .002), but not the cognitive-affective symptoms, were positively associated with intima-media thickness change. CONCLUSION: Our findings suggest that the somatic-vegetative features of depression, but perhaps not anxiety and hostility/anger, may play an important role in the earlier stages of the development of coronary artery disease.
CONTEXT: Although depression, anxiety, and hostility/anger have each been associated with an increased risk of coronary artery disease, these overlapping negative emotions have not been simultaneously examined as predictors of the progression of subclinical atherosclerosis. OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the relative importance of depressive symptoms, anxiety symptoms, and hostility/anger in predicting subclinical atherosclerotic progression over a 3-year period. Design/ SETTING: The Pittsburgh Healthy Heart Project, an ongoing prospective cohort study of healthy, older men and women from the general community. At baseline, questionnaires were administered to assess depressive symptoms, anxiety symptoms, hostility, anger experience, and anger expression. Mean carotid intima-media thickness was assessed by B-mode ultrasonography during the baseline and 3-year follow-up visits. PARTICIPANTS: Of the 464 adults enrolled in the project, 324 (69.8%) were included in this report because they had complete baseline and follow-up data. Main Outcome Measure Three-year change in mean carotid intima-media thickness. RESULTS: Regression analyses indicated that higher depressive symptoms at baseline were associated with greater 3-year change in carotid intima-media thickness (DeltaR(2) = 0.026, P = .002), even after taking into account demographic factors, cardiovascular risk factors, medication use, medical conditions, and other correlated negative emotions. Measures of anxiety symptoms, hostility, anger experience, and anger expression were each unrelated to intima-media thickness change. Post hoc analyses examining depressive symptom clusters showed that the somatic-vegetative symptoms of depression (DeltaR(2) = 0.027, P = .002), but not the cognitive-affective symptoms, were positively associated with intima-media thickness change. CONCLUSION: Our findings suggest that the somatic-vegetative features of depression, but perhaps not anxiety and hostility/anger, may play an important role in the earlier stages of the development of coronary artery disease.
Authors: Adrian Loerbroks; Jos Antonio Bosch; Paula Maria Christina Mommersteeg; Raphael Manfred Herr; Peter Angerer; Jian Li Journal: Eur J Epidemiol Date: 2014-06-22 Impact factor: 8.082
Authors: Diana A Chirinos; Ronald Goldberg; Marc Gellman; Armando J Mendez; Miriam Gutt; Judith R McCalla; Maria M Llabre; Neil Schneiderman Journal: Ann Behav Med Date: 2013-08
Authors: Rosalba Hernandez; Norrina Bai Allen; Kiang Liu; Jeremiah Stamler; Kathryn Jean Reid; Phyllis C Zee; Donghong Wu; Joseph Kang; Daniel B Garside; Martha L Daviglus Journal: Prev Med Date: 2014-01-13 Impact factor: 4.018
Authors: Patrick J Smith; James A Blumenthal; Michael A Babyak; P Murali Doraiswamy; Alan Hinderliter; Benson M Hoffman; Robert Waugh; Andrew Sherwood Journal: Biol Psychol Date: 2008-11-11 Impact factor: 3.251