Rosalba Hernandez1, Norrina Bai Allen2, Kiang Liu2, Jeremiah Stamler2, Kathryn Jean Reid3, Phyllis C Zee4, Donghong Wu2, Joseph Kang2, Daniel B Garside5, Martha L Daviglus5. 1. Department of Preventive Medicine, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, USA; Institute for Minority Health Research, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA. Electronic address: rosalba.hernandez@northwestern.edu. 2. Department of Preventive Medicine, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, USA. 3. Ken and Ruth Davee Department of Neurology, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, USA. 4. Ken and Ruth Davee Department of Neurology, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, USA; Department of Neurobiology, Weinberg College of Arts and Sciences, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, USA. 5. Department of Preventive Medicine, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, USA; Institute for Minority Health Research, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA.
Abstract
OBJECTIVE: Examine the association between multiple psychological factors (depressive symptoms, trait anxiety, perceived stress) and subclinical atherosclerosis in older age. METHOD: This cross-sectional study included 1101 adults ages 65-84 from the Chicago Healthy Aging Study (CHAS - 2007-2010). Previously validated self-report instruments were used to assess psychological factors. Non-invasive methods were used to assess subclinical atherosclerosis in two regions of the body, i.e., ankle-brachial blood pressure index (ABI) and coronary artery calcification (CAC). Multivariate logistic regression was used to examine the association between each psychological measure and subclinical atherosclerosis, after the adjustment for socio-demographic factors, sleep quality, young adulthood/early middle age and late-life CVD risk status, and psychological ill-being as appropriate. RESULTS: The burden of major cardiovascular disease risk factors did not significantly differ across tertiles of psychological factors. In multivariate adjusted models, trait anxiety was associated with calcification: those in the second tertile were significantly more likely to have CAC >0 compared to those in the lowest anxiety tertile [OR=1.68; 95% CI=1.09-2.58], but no significant difference was observed for Tertile III of trait anxiety [OR=1.31; 95% CI=0.75-2.27]. No association was seen between psychological measures and ABI. CONCLUSION: Of several psychological factors, only trait anxiety was significantly associated with CAC.
OBJECTIVE: Examine the association between multiple psychological factors (depressive symptoms, trait anxiety, perceived stress) and subclinical atherosclerosis in older age. METHOD: This cross-sectional study included 1101 adults ages 65-84 from the Chicago Healthy Aging Study (CHAS - 2007-2010). Previously validated self-report instruments were used to assess psychological factors. Non-invasive methods were used to assess subclinical atherosclerosis in two regions of the body, i.e., ankle-brachial blood pressure index (ABI) and coronary artery calcification (CAC). Multivariate logistic regression was used to examine the association between each psychological measure and subclinical atherosclerosis, after the adjustment for socio-demographic factors, sleep quality, young adulthood/early middle age and late-life CVD risk status, and psychological ill-being as appropriate. RESULTS: The burden of major cardiovascular disease risk factors did not significantly differ across tertiles of psychological factors. In multivariate adjusted models, trait anxiety was associated with calcification: those in the second tertile were significantly more likely to have CAC >0 compared to those in the lowest anxiety tertile [OR=1.68; 95% CI=1.09-2.58], but no significant difference was observed for Tertile III of trait anxiety [OR=1.31; 95% CI=0.75-2.27]. No association was seen between psychological measures and ABI. CONCLUSION: Of several psychological factors, only trait anxiety was significantly associated with CAC.
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