The molecular biology of the human anaplastic thyroid carcinoma cell.

In the present investigation we show data from our studies of anaplastic human thyroid carcinoma cell lines. The cell lines employed in the study were HTh 7, HTh 74, C 643 and SW 1736, all derived from tumours diagnosed as anaplastic thyroid carcinomas. Northern blot analysis with four different thyroid specific cDNA probes showed a varying pattern of expression. Thyroglobulin mRNA was found in three of the carcinoma cell lines, although the signal was very weak compared to the expression in tissue from a toxic goitre, used as positive control. Interestingly, two of the cell lines expressed the receptor for thyrotropin, but none of them contained thyroperoxidase mRNA. Three of the cell lines expressed mRNA for receptors platelet-derived growth factor, PDGFR-alpha and/or PDGFR-beta type. Messenger RNA of a thyroid specific transcription factor, TTF-1, known to regulate the normal function of thyrocytes, was found in the toxic goitre but not in the anaplastic thyroid carcinoma cell lines. Lack of expression of TTF-1 might the immediate cause of the anaplastic phenotype, considering the possibility that TTF-1 functions as a master regulatory gene in thyroid cell differentiation.