BACKGROUND: The aim was to critically appraise and synthesize the literature relating to set-shifting ability in eating disorders. PsycINFO, Medline, and Web of Science databases were searched to December 2005. Hand searching of eating-disorder journals and relevant reference sections was also undertaken. METHOD: The 15 selected studies contained both eating disorder and healthy control groups, and employed at least one of the following six neuropsychological measures of set-shifting ability; Trail Making Test (TMT), Wisconsin Card Sort Test (WCST), Brixton task, Haptic Illusion, CatBat task, or the set-shifting subset of the Cambridge Neuropsychological Test Automated Battery (CANTAB). The outcome variable was performance on the set-shifting aspect of the task. Pooled standardized mean differences (effect sizes) were calculated. RESULTS: TMT, WCST, CatBat and Haptic tasks had sufficient sample sizes for meta-analysis. These four tasks yielded acceptable pooled standardized effect sizes (0.36; TMT -1.05; Haptic) with moderate variation within studies (as measured by confidence intervals). The Brixton task showed a small pooled mean difference, and displayed more variation between sample results. The effect size for CANTAB set shifting was 0.17. CONCLUSION: Problems in set shifting as measured by a variety of neuropsychological tasks are present in people with eating disorders.
BACKGROUND: The aim was to critically appraise and synthesize the literature relating to set-shifting ability in eating disorders. PsycINFO, Medline, and Web of Science databases were searched to December 2005. Hand searching of eating-disorder journals and relevant reference sections was also undertaken. METHOD: The 15 selected studies contained both eating disorder and healthy control groups, and employed at least one of the following six neuropsychological measures of set-shifting ability; Trail Making Test (TMT), Wisconsin Card Sort Test (WCST), Brixton task, Haptic Illusion, CatBat task, or the set-shifting subset of the Cambridge Neuropsychological Test Automated Battery (CANTAB). The outcome variable was performance on the set-shifting aspect of the task. Pooled standardized mean differences (effect sizes) were calculated. RESULTS: TMT, WCST, CatBat and Haptic tasks had sufficient sample sizes for meta-analysis. These four tasks yielded acceptable pooled standardized effect sizes (0.36; TMT -1.05; Haptic) with moderate variation within studies (as measured by confidence intervals). The Brixton task showed a small pooled mean difference, and displayed more variation between sample results. The effect size for CANTAB set shifting was 0.17. CONCLUSION: Problems in set shifting as measured by a variety of neuropsychological tasks are present in people with eating disorders.
Authors: Demitry Kazlouski; Michael D H Rollin; Jason Tregellas; Megan E Shott; Leah M Jappe; Jennifer O Hagman; Tamara Pryor; Tony T Yang; Guido K W Frank Journal: Psychiatry Res Date: 2011-04-17 Impact factor: 3.222
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Authors: Christina E Wierenga; Amanda Bischoff-Grethe; A James Melrose; Zoe Irvine; Laura Torres; Ursula F Bailer; Alan Simmons; Julie L Fudge; Samuel M McClure; Alice Ely; Walter H Kaye Journal: Biol Psychiatry Date: 2014-10-22 Impact factor: 13.382