The translation elongation factor eEF1B plays a role in the oxidative stress response pathway.

The multi-subunit guanine nucleotide exchange factor eEF1B for Saccharomyces cerevisiae Translation Elongation Factor 1A (eEF1A) has catalytic (eEF1Balpha) and noncatalytic (eEF1Bgamma) subunits. Deletion of the two nonessential genes encoding eEF1Bgamma has no dramatic effects on total protein synthesis or translational fidelity. Instead, loss of each gene gives resistance to oxidative stress, and loss of both is additive. The level of stress resistance is similar to overexpression of the Yap1p stress transcription factor and is dependent on the presence of the YAP1gene. Cells lacking the catalytic eEF1Balpha subunit show even greater resistance to CdSO(4), with or without eEF1Bgamma present. Thus, the loss of guanine nucleotide exchange activity promotes the resistance. As nucleotide exchange is a critical regulator of most G-proteins, these results indicate a new mechanism in the growing list of examples of post-transcriptional responses to cellular stress.