Literature DB >> 17142300

Conditioned fear extinction and reinstatement in a human fear-potentiated startle paradigm.

Seth D Norrholm1, Tanja Jovanovic, Bram Vervliet, Karyn M Myers, Michael Davis, Barbara O Rothbaum, Erica J Duncan.   

Abstract

The purpose of this study was to analyze fear extinction and reinstatement in humans using fear-potentiated startle. Participants were fear conditioned using a simple discrimination procedure with colored lights as the conditioned stimuli (CSs) and an airblast to the throat as the unconditioned stimulus (US). Participants were extinguished 24 h after fear conditioning. Upon presentation of unsignaled USs after extinction, participants displayed significant fear reinstatement. In summary, these procedures produced robust fear-potentiated startle, significant CS+/CS- discrimination, within-session extinction, and significant reinstatement. This is the first demonstration of fear extinction and reinstatement in humans using startle measures.

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Year:  2006        PMID： 17142300      PMCID： PMC3746591          DOI： 10.1101/lm.393906

Source DB:  PubMed          Journal:  Learn Mem        ISSN： 1072-0502            Impact factor:   2.460


  33 in total

1.  Reinstatement of extinguished conditioned responses and negative stimulus valence as a pathway to return of fear in humans.

Authors:  Trinette Dirikx; Dirk Hermans; Debora Vansteenwegen; Frank Baeyens; Paul Eelen
Journal:  Learn Mem       Date:  2004 Sep-Oct       Impact factor: 2.460

2.  Normal conditioned inhibition and extinction of freezing and fear-potentiated startle following electrolytic lesions of medical prefrontal cortex in rats.

Authors:  J C Gewirtz; W A Falls; M Davis
Journal:  Behav Neurosci       Date:  1997-08       Impact factor: 1.912

3.  Chronic life stress and treatment outcome in agoraphobia with panic attacks.

Authors:  S L Wade; S M Monroe; L K Michelson
Journal:  Am J Psychiatry       Date:  1993-10       Impact factor: 18.112

4.  Conditioned odor potentiation of startle in rats.

Authors:  R Richardson; A Vishney; J Lee
Journal:  Behav Neurosci       Date:  1999-08       Impact factor: 1.912

5.  D-cycloserine facilitates extinction of learned fear: effects on reacquisition and generalized extinction.

Authors:  Lana Ledgerwood; Rick Richardson; Jacquelyn Cranney
Journal:  Biol Psychiatry       Date:  2005-04-15       Impact factor: 13.382

6.  Enhancing cannabinoid neurotransmission augments the extinction of conditioned fear.

Authors:  Jasmeer P Chhatwal; Michael Davis; Kimberly A Maguschak; Kerry J Ressler
Journal:  Neuropsychopharmacology       Date:  2005-03       Impact factor: 7.853

7.  Reinstatement of fear responses in human aversive conditioning.

Authors:  Dirk Hermans; Trinette Dirikx; Debora Vansteenwegen; Debora Vansteenwegenin; Frank Baeyens; Omer Van den Bergh; Paul Eelen
Journal:  Behav Res Ther       Date:  2005-04

8.  Human amygdala activation during conditioned fear acquisition and extinction: a mixed-trial fMRI study.

Authors:  K S LaBar; J C Gatenby; J C Gore; J E LeDoux; E A Phelps
Journal:  Neuron       Date:  1998-05       Impact factor: 17.173

9.  Extinction in fear conditioning: effects on startle modulation and evaluative self-reports.

Authors:  D Vansteenwegen; G Crombez; F Baeyens; P Eelen
Journal:  Psychophysiology       Date:  1998-11       Impact factor: 4.016

10.  The emotion probe. Studies of motivation and attention.

Authors:  P J Lang
Journal:  Am Psychol       Date:  1995-05
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  66 in total

1.  Stimulation of the noradrenergic system during memory formation impairs extinction learning but not the disruption of reconsolidation.

Authors:  Marieke Soeter; Merel Kindt
Journal:  Neuropsychopharmacology       Date:  2011-12-14       Impact factor: 7.853

2.  Spontaneous recovery but not reinstatement of the extinguished conditioned eyeblink response in the rat.

Authors:  Alexandra Thanellou; John T Green
Journal:  Behav Neurosci       Date:  2011-08       Impact factor: 1.912

3.  Fear extinction in traumatized civilians with posttraumatic stress disorder: relation to symptom severity.

Authors:  Seth D Norrholm; Tanja Jovanovic; Ilana W Olin; Lauren A Sands; India Karapanou; Bekh Bradley; Kerry J Ressler
Journal:  Biol Psychiatry       Date:  2010-10-29       Impact factor: 13.382

4.  Direct comparisons of the size and persistence of anisomycin-induced consolidation and reconsolidation deficits.

Authors:  James M Stafford; K Matthew Lattal
Journal:  Learn Mem       Date:  2009-07-24       Impact factor: 2.460

Review 5.  Genetics of anxiety and trauma-related disorders.

Authors:  S D Norrholm; K J Ressler
Journal:  Neuroscience       Date:  2009-06-18       Impact factor: 3.590

6.  Post-extinction conditional stimulus valence predicts reinstatement fear: relevance for long-term outcomes of exposure therapy.

Authors:  Tomislav D Zbozinek; Dirk Hermans; Jason M Prenoveau; Betty Liao; Michelle G Craske
Journal:  Cogn Emot       Date:  2014-06-24

Review 7.  Impaired safety signal learning may be a biomarker of PTSD.

Authors:  Tanja Jovanovic; Andrew Kazama; Jocelyne Bachevalier; Michael Davis
Journal:  Neuropharmacology       Date:  2011-03-04       Impact factor: 5.250

8.  Generalization of fear inhibition by disrupting hippocampal protein synthesis-dependent reconsolidation process.

Authors:  Chih-Hao Yang; Chiung-Chun Huang; Kuei-Sen Hsu
Journal:  Neuropsychopharmacology       Date:  2011-05-18       Impact factor: 7.853

Review 9.  What does it take to demonstrate memory erasure? Theoretical comment on Norrholm et al. (2008).

Authors:  K Matthew Lattal; James M Stafford
Journal:  Behav Neurosci       Date:  2008-10       Impact factor: 1.912

10.  Timing of extinction relative to acquisition: a parametric analysis of fear extinction in humans.

Authors:  Seth D Norrholm; Bram Vervliet; Tanja Jovanovic; William Boshoven; Karyn M Myers; Michael Davis; Barbara Rothbaum; Erica J Duncan
Journal:  Behav Neurosci       Date:  2008-10       Impact factor: 1.912
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