Prostate specific antigen. A review.

Despite its identification in the 1970s, prostate specific antigen (PSA) has only recently gained widespread utility. In this review, we will describe significant aspects of the biochemistry of PSA, immunohistochemical applications, the effect of prostatic manipulation on the serum level of this analyte, and other considerations in the determination of the level of PSA. In addition, the effect of benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) on serum PSA will be described. Finally, the application of PSA in the detection, staging and monitoring of patients with prostatic carcinoma will be discussed.