Cyclooxygenase-2 polymorphisms and risk of systemic lupus erythematosus in Koreans.

Cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) is a key regulatory enzyme in the synthesis of prostanoids associated with trauma and inflammation. Upregulation of COX-2 in human lupus T cells resists anergy and apotosis. We investigated the COX-2 gene for functional variants that may influence susceptibility, clinical outcomes and severity of systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) in a Korean population. The study included 345 patients with SLE and 400 unrelated healthy controls. Genotyping for the -765G --> C polymorphism of COX-2 was performed by PCR-RFLP analysis. No difference in the distribution of the genotype frequencies between patients and controls was found. COX-2 genotypes were not associated with clinical features except hematologic abnormalities and anti-RNP antibody. We did not detect any association between COX-2 genotype and disease severity in SLE patients. These results suggest that the -765G --> C polymorphism of COX-2 does not play a significant role in the development of SLE in a Korean population. A possible protective effect of the low activity C allele against the production of anti-RNP antibodies merits further investigation.