Drosophila under the lens: imaging from chromosomes to whole embryos.

Microscopy has been a very powerful tool for Drosophila research since its inception, proving to be essential for the evaluation of mutant phenotypes, the understanding of cellular and tissue physiology, and the illumination of complex biological questions. In this article we review the breadth of this field, making note of some of the seminal papers. We expand on the use of microscopy to study questions related to gene locus and nuclear architecture, presenting new data using fluorescence in-situ hybridization techniques that demonstrate the flexibility of Drosophila chromosomes. Finally, we review the burgeoning use of fluorescence in-vivo imaging methods to yield quantitative information about cellular processes.