Requirements on models and models of active transport of ions in biomembranes.

Requirements on models of the active transport of ions in biomembranes have been formulated. The basic requirements include an explicit dependence of the resting potential and intracellular concentrations of ions on the difference of ATP-ADP chemical potentials, a consideration of the reversibility of the ionic pump operation, a correlation between theoretical and experimental data on the resting potential and intracellular concentrations of ions for different types of cells, the pump efficiency approaching 100%, and a tendency of the resting potential to the Donnan potential if the active transport is blocked. A model satisfying the aforementioned requirements has been proposed by the authors as an example.