Analysis of expression of secreted phospholipases A2 in mouse tissues at protein and mRNA levels.

Secreted phospholipases A(2) (sPLA(2)) form a group of low-molecular weight enzymes that catalyze the hydrolysis of phospholipids. Some sPLA(2)s are likely to play a role in inflammation, cancer, and as antibacterial enzymes in innate immunity. We developed specific and sensitive time-resolved fluroimmunoassays (TR-FIA) for mouse group (G) IB, GIIA, GIID, GIIE, GIIF, GV and GX sPLA(2)s and measured their concentrations in mouse serum and tissues obtained from both Balb/c and C57BL/6J mice. We also analyzed the mRNA expression of the sPLA(2)s by quantitative real-time reverse transcriptase PCR (qPCR). In most tissues, the concentrations of sPLA(2) proteins corresponded to the expression of sPLA(2)s at the mRNA level. With a few exceptions, the sPLA(2) proteins were found in the gastrointestinal tract. The qPCR results showed that GIB sPLA(2) is synthesized widely in the gastrointestinal tract, including esophagus and colon, in addition to stomach and pancreas. Our results also suggest that the loss of GIIA sPLA(2) in the intestine of GIIA sPLA(2)-deficient C57BL/6J mice is not compensated by other sPLA(2)s under normal conditions. Outside the gastrointestinal tract, sPLA(2)s were expressed occasionally in a number of tissues. The TR-FIAs developed in the current study may serve as useful tools to measure the levels of sPLA(2) proteins in mouse serum and tissues in various experimental settings.