Yeast-based functional genomics and proteomics technologies: the first 15 years and beyond.

Yeast-based functional genomics and proteomics technologies developed over the past decade have contributed greatly to our understanding of bacterial, yeast, fly, worm, and human gene functions. In this review, we highlight some of these yeast-based functional genomic and proteomic technologies that are advancing the utility of yeast as a model organism in molecular biology and speculate on their future uses. Such technologies include use of the yeast deletion strain collection, large-scale determination of protein localization in vivo, synthetic genetic array analysis, variations of the yeast two-hybrid system, protein microarrays, and tandem affinity purification (TAP)-tagging approaches. The integration of these advances with established technologies is invaluable in the drive toward a comprehensive understanding of protein structure and function in the cellular milieu.