OBJECTIVE: Language skills continue to develop rapidly in children during the school-age years, and the "snapshot" view of the neural substrates of language provided by current neuroimaging studies cannot capture the dynamic changes associated with brain development. The aim of this study was to conduct a 5-year longitudinal investigation of language development using functional magnetic resonance imaging in healthy children. METHODS: Thirty subjects enrolled at ages 5, 6, or 7 were examined annually for 5 years using a 3-Tesla magnetic resonance imaging scanner and a verb generation task. Data analysis was conducted based on a general linear model that was modified to investigate developmental changes whereas minimizing the potential for missing data. RESULTS: With increasing age, there is progressive participation in language processing by the inferior/middle frontal, middle temporal, and angular gyri of the left hemisphere and the lingual and inferior temporal gyri of the right hemisphere and regression of participation of the left posterior insula/extrastriate cortex, left superior frontal and right anterior cingulate gyri, and left thalamus. CONCLUSION: The age-related changes observed in this study provide evidence of increased neuroplasticity of language in this age group and may have implications for further investigations of normal and aberrant language development.
OBJECTIVE: Language skills continue to develop rapidly in children during the school-age years, and the "snapshot" view of the neural substrates of language provided by current neuroimaging studies cannot capture the dynamic changes associated with brain development. The aim of this study was to conduct a 5-year longitudinal investigation of language development using functional magnetic resonance imaging in healthy children. METHODS: Thirty subjects enrolled at ages 5, 6, or 7 were examined annually for 5 years using a 3-Tesla magnetic resonance imaging scanner and a verb generation task. Data analysis was conducted based on a general linear model that was modified to investigate developmental changes whereas minimizing the potential for missing data. RESULTS: With increasing age, there is progressive participation in language processing by the inferior/middle frontal, middle temporal, and angular gyri of the left hemisphere and the lingual and inferior temporal gyri of the right hemisphere and regression of participation of the left posterior insula/extrastriate cortex, left superior frontal and right anterior cingulate gyri, and left thalamus. CONCLUSION: The age-related changes observed in this study provide evidence of increased neuroplasticity of language in this age group and may have implications for further investigations of normal and aberrant language development.
Authors: J N Giedd; J Blumenthal; N O Jeffries; F X Castellanos; H Liu; A Zijdenbos; T Paus; A C Evans; J L Rapoport Journal: Nat Neurosci Date: 1999-10 Impact factor: 24.884
Authors: James R Booth; Douglas D Burman; Joel R Meyer; Darren R Gitelman; Todd B Parrish; M Marsel Mesulam Journal: J Cogn Neurosci Date: 2004-09 Impact factor: 3.225
Authors: S Lehéricy; L Cohen; B Bazin; S Samson; E Giacomini; R Rougetet; L Hertz-Pannier; D Le Bihan; C Marsault; M Baulac Journal: Neurology Date: 2000-04-25 Impact factor: 9.910
Authors: J P Szaflarski; J B Allendorfer; A W Byars; J Vannest; A Dietz; K A Hernando; S K Holland Journal: Restor Neurol Neurosci Date: 2014 Impact factor: 2.406
Authors: Tali Bitan; Jimmy Cheon; Dong Lu; Douglas D Burman; Darren R Gitelman; M-Marsel Mesulam; James R Booth Journal: Neuroimage Date: 2007-08-14 Impact factor: 6.556
Authors: Madison M Berl; Jessica Mayo; Erin N Parks; Lisa R Rosenberger; John VanMeter; Nan Bernstein Ratner; Chandan J Vaidya; William Davis Gaillard Journal: Hum Brain Mapp Date: 2012-10-03 Impact factor: 5.038
Authors: Jin Wang; Xiaozhen You; Wensong Wu; Magno R Guillen; Mercedes Cabrerizo; Joseph Sullivan; Elizabeth Donner; Bruce Bjornson; William D Gaillard; Malek Adjouadi Journal: Hum Brain Mapp Date: 2013-03-01 Impact factor: 5.038
Authors: Scott K Holland; Jennifer Vannest; Marc Mecoli; Lisa M Jacola; Jan-Mendelt Tillema; Prasanna R Karunanayaka; Vincent J Schmithorst; Weihong Yuan; Elena Plante; Anna W Byars Journal: Int J Audiol Date: 2007-09 Impact factor: 2.117
Authors: Prasanna Karunanayaka; Vincent J Schmithorst; Jennifer Vannest; Jerzy P Szaflarski; Elena Plante; Scott K Holland Journal: Neuroimage Date: 2010-01-04 Impact factor: 6.556