C H Kau1, A Zhurov, S Richmond, A Cronin, C Savio, C Mallorie. 1. Department of Dental Health and Biological Sciences, Wales College of Medicine, Biology, Health and Life Sciences, Cardiff University, Cardiff, UK. kauc@cardiff.ac.uk
Abstract
PURPOSE: This paper describes the use of adult facial template in gender-specific facial analysis. SUBJECTS AND METHODS: Eighty adults, mean age 24.5, were selected for the study. Laser-scanned images of the subjects were obtained under a reproducible and controlled environment with two Minolta Vivid 900 (Osaka, Japan) optical laser-scanning devices assembled as a stereo-pair. A set of left and right scanned images was taken for each subject and each scan took an average of 2.5 s. These scanned images were processed and merged to form a composite three-dimensional soft tissue reproduction of the subjects using commercially available reverse modelling software. The differences in facial morphology were measured using shell deviation colour maps. The facial template was used to compare differences between males vs. females groups and two subjects with facial disproportions. RESULTS: The difference between the male and female facial templates was 1.28 +/- 1.02 mm. The areas of greatest deviation were at the nasal, zygomatic area and lower jaw line. The results of the surface deviation maps between the templates and subjects with facial disproportion showed that the results could be applied for orthodontic diagnosis. CONCLUSIONS: The construction of the adult facial templates provides an interesting perspective into measuring changes in groups of patients and also acts as a useful template for the comparison of skeletal disproportion.
PURPOSE: This paper describes the use of adult facial template in gender-specific facial analysis. SUBJECTS AND METHODS: Eighty adults, mean age 24.5, were selected for the study. Laser-scanned images of the subjects were obtained under a reproducible and controlled environment with two Minolta Vivid 900 (Osaka, Japan) optical laser-scanning devices assembled as a stereo-pair. A set of left and right scanned images was taken for each subject and each scan took an average of 2.5 s. These scanned images were processed and merged to form a composite three-dimensional soft tissue reproduction of the subjects using commercially available reverse modelling software. The differences in facial morphology were measured using shell deviation colour maps. The facial template was used to compare differences between males vs. females groups and two subjects with facial disproportions. RESULTS: The difference between the male and female facial templates was 1.28 +/- 1.02 mm. The areas of greatest deviation were at the nasal, zygomatic area and lower jaw line. The results of the surface deviation maps between the templates and subjects with facial disproportion showed that the results could be applied for orthodontic diagnosis. CONCLUSIONS: The construction of the adult facial templates provides an interesting perspective into measuring changes in groups of patients and also acts as a useful template for the comparison of skeletal disproportion.
Authors: Shane Rex Tolleson; Chung How Kau; Robert P Lee; Jeryl D English; Virpi Harila; Pertti Pirttiniemi; Marita Valkama Journal: Angle Orthod Date: 2010-07 Impact factor: 2.079
Authors: Siti Adibah Othman; Lynnora Patrick Majawit; Wan Nurazreena Wan Hassan; Mang Chek Wey; Roziana Mohd Razi Journal: PLoS One Date: 2016-10-05 Impact factor: 3.240
Authors: Matthew J Kesterke; Zachary D Raffensperger; Carrie L Heike; Michael L Cunningham; Jacqueline T Hecht; Chung How Kau; Nichole L Nidey; Lina M Moreno; George L Wehby; Mary L Marazita; Seth M Weinberg Journal: Biol Sex Differ Date: 2016-04-22 Impact factor: 5.027