OBJECTIVE: To examine whether patients with schizophrenia associated with idiopathic unconjugated hyperbilirubinemia (Gilbert's syndrome [GS]) have specific changes in brain metabolism. METHODS: We applied proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy (H-MRS) to the anterior cingulate gyrus, insular cortex and thalamus of patients with schizophrenia and GS (n = 15) or without GS (n = 15), all diagnosed with schizophrenia according to the criteria of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, fourth edition (DSM-IV), and healthy subjects (n = 20). RESULTS: In the anterior cingulate gyrus, patients with schizophrenia and GS showed significant decreases in N-acetyl aspartate/creatine-phosphocreatinine (NAA/Cr), choline/creatine-phosphocreatinine (Cho/Cr) and myoinositol/creatine-phosphocreatinine (ml/Cr) ratios compared with healthy subjects and compared with patients with schizophrenia without GS. Patients with schizophrenia without GS also showed significant decreases in NAA/Cr, Cho/Cr and ml/Cr compared with healthy subjects. In the insular cortex, patients with schizophrenia and GS showed significant decreases in NAA/Cr, Cho/Cr and ml/Cr compared with healthy subjects and compared with patients with schizophrenia without GS. Patients with schizophrenia without GS also showed significant decreases in NAA/Cr, Cho/Cr and ml/Cr compared with healthy subjects. In the thalamus, patients with schizophrenia and GS showed significant decreases in NAA/Cr, Cho/Cr and ml/Cr compared with healthy subjects, whereas patients with schizophrenia without GS only showed a significant decrease in ml/Cr compared with healthy subjects. CONCLUSIONS: Our findings suggest that brain metabolism is more severely compromised in the subtype of schizophrenia with GS.
OBJECTIVE: To examine whether patients with schizophrenia associated with idiopathic unconjugated hyperbilirubinemia (Gilbert's syndrome [GS]) have specific changes in brain metabolism. METHODS: We applied proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy (H-MRS) to the anterior cingulate gyrus, insular cortex and thalamus of patients with schizophrenia and GS (n = 15) or without GS (n = 15), all diagnosed with schizophrenia according to the criteria of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, fourth edition (DSM-IV), and healthy subjects (n = 20). RESULTS: In the anterior cingulate gyrus, patients with schizophrenia and GS showed significant decreases in N-acetyl aspartate/creatine-phosphocreatinine (NAA/Cr), choline/creatine-phosphocreatinine (Cho/Cr) and myoinositol/creatine-phosphocreatinine (ml/Cr) ratios compared with healthy subjects and compared with patients with schizophrenia without GS. Patients with schizophrenia without GS also showed significant decreases in NAA/Cr, Cho/Cr and ml/Cr compared with healthy subjects. In the insular cortex, patients with schizophrenia and GS showed significant decreases in NAA/Cr, Cho/Cr and ml/Cr compared with healthy subjects and compared with patients with schizophrenia without GS. Patients with schizophrenia without GS also showed significant decreases in NAA/Cr, Cho/Cr and ml/Cr compared with healthy subjects. In the thalamus, patients with schizophrenia and GS showed significant decreases in NAA/Cr, Cho/Cr and ml/Cr compared with healthy subjects, whereas patients with schizophrenia without GS only showed a significant decrease in ml/Cr compared with healthy subjects. CONCLUSIONS: Our findings suggest that brain metabolism is more severely compromised in the subtype of schizophrenia with GS.
Authors: Jean Théberge; Robert Bartha; Dick J Drost; Ravi S Menon; Ashok Malla; Jatinder Takhar; Richard W Neufeld; John Rogers; William Pavlosky; Betsy Schaefer; Maria Densmore; Yousef Al-Semaan; Peter C Williamson Journal: Am J Psychiatry Date: 2002-11 Impact factor: 18.112
Authors: H Yamasue; T Fukui; R Fukuda; H Yamada; S Yamasaki; N Kuroki; O Abe; K Kasai; K Tsujii; A Iwanami; S Aoki; K Ohtomo; N Kato; T Kato Journal: Neuroreport Date: 2002-11-15 Impact factor: 1.837
Authors: Ronald R Seese; Joseph O'Neill; Matthew Hudkins; Prabha Siddarth; Jennifer Levitt; Ben Tseng; Keng Nei Wu; Rochelle Caplan Journal: Schizophr Res Date: 2011-08-27 Impact factor: 4.939
Authors: Philipp Khaitovich; Helen E Lockstone; Matthew T Wayland; Tsz M Tsang; Samantha D Jayatilaka; Arfu J Guo; Jie Zhou; Mehmet Somel; Laura W Harris; Elaine Holmes; Svante Pääbo; Sabine Bahn Journal: Genome Biol Date: 2008-08-05 Impact factor: 13.583