Hyagriv N Simhan1, Steve N Caritis, Sharon L Hillier, Marijane A Krohn. 1. Division of Maternal-Fetal Medicine, Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology, and Reproductive Sciences, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Magee-Womens Research Institute, Pittsburgh, PA, USA.
Abstract
OBJECTIVE: Anti-inflammatory cytokines play a role in the lower genital tract immune defense. We examined the impact of cigarette smoking in pregnancy on the detection of the 3 most important anti-inflammatory cytokines (interleukin-4, -10, and -13) in the cervix. STUDY DESIGN: One hundred fourteen gravid women from 4 to 16 weeks of gestation without bacterial vaginosis or sexually transmitted disease were queried regarding demographic factors and smoking. Concentrations of cytokines were determined with a multiplex assay for cervical swabs. RESULTS: There was a positive linear relationship between the number of cigarettes that were smoked per day and cervical concentrations of interleukin-4, -10, and -13 (P < .001 for each). Median concentrations of interleukin-4 and -10 were greater among women who smoked > or = 20 cigarettes per day than among non-smokers or less heavy smokers (P < .05 for both). There was no difference in concentrations of proinflammatory cytokines between smokers and non-smokers. CONCLUSION: Cigarette smoking in pregnancy is associated with an increase of cervical anti-inflammatory cytokines without a commensurate increase of proinflammatory cytokines. This may have important impact on the host response to infection.
OBJECTIVE: Anti-inflammatory cytokines play a role in the lower genital tract immune defense. We examined the impact of cigarette smoking in pregnancy on the detection of the 3 most important anti-inflammatory cytokines (interleukin-4, -10, and -13) in the cervix. STUDY DESIGN: One hundred fourteen gravid women from 4 to 16 weeks of gestation without bacterial vaginosis or sexually transmitted disease were queried regarding demographic factors and smoking. Concentrations of cytokines were determined with a multiplex assay for cervical swabs. RESULTS: There was a positive linear relationship between the number of cigarettes that were smoked per day and cervical concentrations of interleukin-4, -10, and -13 (P < .001 for each). Median concentrations of interleukin-4 and -10 were greater among women who smoked > or = 20 cigarettes per day than among non-smokers or less heavy smokers (P < .05 for both). There was no difference in concentrations of proinflammatory cytokines between smokers and non-smokers. CONCLUSION: Cigarette smoking in pregnancy is associated with an increase of cervical anti-inflammatory cytokines without a commensurate increase of proinflammatory cytokines. This may have important impact on the host response to infection.
Authors: Brenna L Anderson; Susan Cu-Uvin; Christina A Raker; Christine Fitzsimmons; Sharon L Hillier Journal: Acta Obstet Gynecol Scand Date: 2011-03-14 Impact factor: 3.636
Authors: Brenna L Anderson; Hector Mendez-Figueroa; Joshua D Dahlke; Christina Raker; Sharon L Hillier; Susan Cu-Uvin Journal: Am J Obstet Gynecol Date: 2013-01-10 Impact factor: 8.661
Authors: Supriya D Mehta; Brock Donovan; Kathleen M Weber; Mardge Cohen; Jacques Ravel; Pawel Gajer; Douglas Gilbert; Derick Burgad; Greg T Spear Journal: PLoS One Date: 2015-02-12 Impact factor: 3.240