Cytotoxic clerodane diterpenoids from Casearia membranacea.

Bioassay-guided fractionation of the EtOAc extract of Casearia membranacea leaves and twigs afforded three new clerodane diterpenes, caseamembrins M-O (1-3), and the known rel-(2S,5R,6R,8S,9S,10R,18S,19R)-2-(2-methylbutyryloxy)-6-hydroxy-18,19-di-O-acetyl-18,19-epoxycleroda-3,13(16),14-triene (4) and caseamembrin D (5). The structures of 1-3, including the relative configurations, were established by extensive NMR spectroscopic analyses. The cytotoxic activities of the isolated diterpenoids against human oral epidermoid (KB), medulla (Med), and colon (DLD-1) cancer cell lines were evaluated.