[Nutrition].

The favorable effect of a healthy diet on the initial development and the further progression of atherosclerosis has been demonstrated. The effect is significant even in patients with adequate pharmacological treatment. Nutrition should be calorie-adjusted high in fiber, low in total fat and in saturated fats (<10% of calories) and cholesterol (<300 mg/day). Mono-unsaturated fatty acids and omega-3 fatty acids have beneficial effects. Therefore fatty fish more than once a week, nuts, fruits and vegetables (>400 g/day) have a prognostically favorable effect, whereas the supplemental use of antioxidative vitamins is of no proven benefit. These recommendations result from the experience gained over generations in millions of people in different countries (Mediterranean and Asian) with a low rate of coronary events and a high life expectancy. These dietary habits are associated with a low rate of neoplasm and of osteoporosis. The recommendation for this type of diet is a class-I recommendation.