[Male genital tract infection: the point of view of the bacteriologist].

Male genital tract infection and inflammation have been associated to 8 to 35% of male infertility cases in various studies. Their investigation is part of a multi-disciplinary process including new techniques as DNA integrity study. Bacterial seminal infection can cause transient or chronic persistent inflammation, and the microbiological investigations, as well as leukospermia, secretory chlamydial IgA and inflammatory cytokines help to approach the responsibility of inflammation in infertility or pathological condition, leading to antibiotic and anti-inflammatory treatment. In Assisted Reproductive Techniques (ART), bacteriospermia must be eradicated for a safe semen preparation to inseminate or to fertilize oocytes. Leukocytes cannot be completely eliminated by sperm preparation and the presence of antibiotics and antioxydants in the culture media is questionned.