[Quality of life in arterial hypertension].

BACKGROUND: Quality of life is a key issue for the consideration of hypertension therapy. However, reliable and sensitive evaluation methods are not available in Spain. To this end, a quality of life questionnaire has been elaborated, its yield has been evaluated, and the influence of hypertension and several associated variables on the quality of life has been assessed.
METHODS: A questionnaire on quality of life consisting of 62 items was elaborated. Its final evaluation was divided in an overall value and in four subindexes related with anxiety, depression, side effects, and somatic complaints. It was applied to two groups of hypertensive patients, one from hospital care (n = 90) and another from primary care (n = 89), and to a control group (n = 76).
RESULTS: Although both populations with hypertension were significantly different regarding age, sex, use of therapies, organic impact and blood pressure, they were overall similar in quality of life. However, quality of life was different from that in control group, which showed better indices. In the hypertensive population, sex, severity of hypertension, type of therapy or duration of the disease did not have any influence on quality of life.
CONCLUSIONS: The overall similar quality of life in both hypertensive groups (in spite of the many significant differences in their descriptive features) and the different quality of life between hypertensive and normotensive individuals (in spite of the similitude of their demographic parameters) suggest that the diagnosis of hypertension has by itself a greater influence on the quality of life than several hypertension-associated variables. It has also been found that the method used was sensitive and valid. Therefore, the use of the quality of life questionnaire can be a useful instrument for the monitorization of hypertensive patients.