OBJECTIVE: To assess when sunburn occurs and who experiences sunburn by personal UV dosimetry and diaries. DESIGN: Open prospective observational study. SETTING: University hospital. PARTICIPANTS: A convenience sample of 340 Danish volunteers: children, adolescents, indoor workers, sun worshippers, golfers, and gardeners (age range, 4-68 years). MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Subjects recorded sunburn and sun-exposure behavior in diaries and carried personal, electronic, wristwatch UV radiation (UVR) dosimeters that measured time-stamped UVR doses continuously for a median of 119 days covering 346 sun-years (1 sun-year equals 1 subject participating during 1 summer half-year). RESULTS: A typical sunburn day was a day off work (91%; odds ratio, 4.1) with risk behavior (sunbathing/exposing shoulders) (79%; odds ratio, 15.9) in May, June, or July (90%) for 6.4 exposure hours (interquartile range, 5-7.7 hours), of which 2.8 hours fell between noon and 3 pm. Subjects had a median of 1 sunburn per sun-year; adolescents, sun worshippers, and indoor workers had more than children, golfers, and gardeners (P<.05). Sunburn peaked at age 20 years, and female subjects had more sunburns than male subjects (P<.01). Skin type IV had fewer sunburns than types I through III (P<.01). Sunburned persons had more risk-behavior days and lower skin type (P<.01) than nonsunburned persons. The median UVR doses received were significantly higher on sunburn days than on nonsunburn days with risk behavior (P<.01). There was a significant correlation between sunburn size and severity; sunburn and sunscreen use; and sunburn and sun-bed use (P<.01 for all 3 comparisons). CONCLUSIONS: Sunburn was highly correlated with risk behavior. Reduction of risk-behavior days and/or exposure hours around noon can reduce sunburn. Sunburn was not found during breaks on normal full-time indoor work or school days.
OBJECTIVE: To assess when sunburn occurs and who experiences sunburn by personal UV dosimetry and diaries. DESIGN: Open prospective observational study. SETTING: University hospital. PARTICIPANTS: A convenience sample of 340 Danish volunteers: children, adolescents, indoor workers, sun worshippers, golfers, and gardeners (age range, 4-68 years). MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Subjects recorded sunburn and sun-exposure behavior in diaries and carried personal, electronic, wristwatch UV radiation (UVR) dosimeters that measured time-stamped UVR doses continuously for a median of 119 days covering 346 sun-years (1 sun-year equals 1 subject participating during 1 summer half-year). RESULTS: A typical sunburn day was a day off work (91%; odds ratio, 4.1) with risk behavior (sunbathing/exposing shoulders) (79%; odds ratio, 15.9) in May, June, or July (90%) for 6.4 exposure hours (interquartile range, 5-7.7 hours), of which 2.8 hours fell between noon and 3 pm. Subjects had a median of 1 sunburn per sun-year; adolescents, sun worshippers, and indoor workers had more than children, golfers, and gardeners (P<.05). Sunburn peaked at age 20 years, and female subjects had more sunburns than male subjects (P<.01). Skin type IV had fewer sunburns than types I through III (P<.01). Sunburned persons had more risk-behavior days and lower skin type (P<.01) than nonsunburned persons. The median UVR doses received were significantly higher on sunburn days than on nonsunburn days with risk behavior (P<.01). There was a significant correlation between sunburn size and severity; sunburn and sunscreen use; and sunburn and sun-bed use (P<.01 for all 3 comparisons). CONCLUSIONS: Sunburn was highly correlated with risk behavior. Reduction of risk-behavior days and/or exposure hours around noon can reduce sunburn. Sunburn was not found during breaks on normal full-time indoor work or school days.
Authors: Elisabeth Thieden; Ann-Sofie Sonne Holm-Schou; Peter A Philipsen; Jakob Heydenreich; Hans Christian Wulf Journal: Photochem Photobiol Sci Date: 2019-02-13 Impact factor: 3.982
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Authors: Barbara J Walkosz; David B Buller; Peter A Andersen; Michael D Scott; Mark B Dignan; Gary R Cutter; Xia Liu; Julie A Maloy Journal: J Health Commun Date: 2014-03-11
Authors: Peter A Andersen; David B Buller; Barbara J Walkosz; Michael D Scott; Ilima L Kane; Gary R Cutter; Mark B Dignan; Xia Liu Journal: Transl Behav Med Date: 2012-03 Impact factor: 3.046
Authors: Emanuel Rognoni; Georgina Goss; Toru Hiratsuka; Kalle H Sipilä; Thomas Kirk; Katharina I Kober; Prudence PokWai Lui; Victoria Sk Tsang; Nathan J Hawkshaw; Suzanne M Pilkington; Inchul Cho; Niwa Ali; Lesley E Rhodes; Fiona M Watt Journal: Elife Date: 2021-12-23 Impact factor: 8.140